النَّفَحَاتُ الرَّبَّانِيَّة، فِي الأَمْدَاحِ التِّجَانِيَة

Ana ɗaukar littafin «Hura-huran Ubangiji, a cikin amdāḥin Tijaniyya» a matsayin ɗaya daga dīwānan ginshiƙai a cikin shayarin al-‘allāma al-‘ārif bi-llāh Abū al-‘Abbās Sīdī Aḥmad bn al-Ḥājj al-‘Ayyāshī Sukayrij al-Khazrajī al-Anṣārī; kuma dīwān ne da yake shiga tsakiyar gadon shayari na ṭarīqar Tijaniyya—ta fuskar maudu’insa, da muhallin ruhi da na ilimi da ya fito daga gare shi, da kuma aikin bayyanarwa da yake ɗauka a cikin adabin taṣawwufi na Maroko.

Wannan dīwān yana bayyana ɗaurewar mawallafin tun da wuri kuma mai zurfi ga Shaykh Abū al-‘Abbās al-Tijani Allah Ya yarda da shi, da kusancinsa ƙwarai da zāwiyar Tijaniyya babba ta Fās, da manyan alamomin ṭarīqa da mashāyikhinta da ya karɓi ilimi, tarbiyya, da ɗanɗano (dhawq) a hannunsu. Saboda haka, waɗannan amdāḥ ba a fahimtarsu a matsayin ƙirƙirar adabi tsantsa ba; sai dai a matsayin ‘ya’yan tarbiyya cikakkiya a muhallin Tijani, kuma a matsayin alama daga alamomin aminci na ruhi da na ilimi ga manhajin shaykh da āthārinsa.

Wannan dīwān yana da alaƙa da manufar madīḥ, wadda ita ce manufa mafi rinjaye a cikin shayarin Sukayrij gaba ɗaya; amma wannan littafi ya bambanta da kasancewarsa yana faɗaɗa da’irar “amdāḥin Tijaniyya” ba tare da ƙuntata ta ga yabon Shaykh Abū al-‘Abbās al-Tijani shi kaɗai ba, sai dai yana shigar da ita cikin faɗaɗɗen sarari na duk abin da ya shafi fagen Tijaniyya—na ma’anoni, mutane, da yanayi. Ta wannan ɓangaren ne yake bambanta da wasu dīwānansa da suka fi keɓancewa, tare da ci gaba da rike wani bayyanannen tsakiyar da ya ba wa madīḥin shaykh al-Tijani, manāqibinsa, maqāminsa, da āthārinsa na ruhi.

A cikin waƙoƙin wannan dīwān suna bayyana siffofi na fasaha da na ji-na-ruhi iri-iri; daga ciki akwai buɗe da yawa daga rubuce-rubucen da gabatarwa ta ji-na-ruhi wadda ƙauna, shauƙi mai ƙuna, marmari, da wajd suka fi rinjaye a kanta, kafin a wuce zuwa ga manufar madīḥ da thanā’; sannan a rufe da tawassuli da neman gafara da karɓuwa. Haka kuma waƙoƙin sun ƙunshi gabatar da manāqib na shaykh da karāmātinsa da siffofinsa na musamman, tare da zayyana a sarari dangantakar murīd da shaykhinsa cikin wani jawabi da ya haɗa ƙauna, girmamawa, buƙata, da bege.

Har wa yau, rubutun nazari yana bayyana bambancin hanyoyin gini a cikin qaṣīda wajen Sukayrij; wani lokaci yakan shiga ga manufar madīḥ kai tsaye, wani lokaci kuma yakan yi mata shimfiɗa da gabatarwa ta ji-na-ruhi mai tsawo, wani lokaci kuma yakan yi magana da harshen wani maqām ko wata zāwiya daga cikin zāwiyoyin ṭarīqa, kamar a waƙoƙinsa da ya tsara a kan harshen zāwiyar Tijaniyya ta Salā ko ta Tilmīsān. Wannan yana ba dīwān wadata a siffanta shayari, kuma yana mai da shi muhimmin abu domin nazarin shayarin taṣawwufi ta fuskar gini, karɓuwa, da aiki.

Haka kuma, wannan dīwān yana nuna ci gaban adabin mawaki a mataki-mataki, domin yana tattare da waƙoƙi daga matakai daban-daban na rayuwarsa—daga farkon ƙoƙarinsa na tsara waƙa zuwa ga abin da ya nuna balaga daga shayari a lokuta na baya—ta yadda yake ba mai karatu da mai bincike damar bibiyar bunƙasar salonsa da ƙarfinsa a bayani, ‘arūḍ, da taswira. Saboda haka, littafin yana amfanar masu sha’awar Tijaniyya, da Moroccan Sufism, da classical Arabic devotional poetry; haka kuma yana amfanar masu nazarin dīwānan taṣawwufi da amdāḥ da suka shafi zāwiyoyi da alaƙoƙin ruhi a yammacin duniyar Musulunci.