Scholars and Key Figures

Sidi Ahmed Ham ibn al-Abbas Alaoui Chenguiti ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutanen babban iyalin Tijani Alaoui a yankin Chinguetti. Ana tunawa da shi a matsayin malami, waliyyi, kuma abin girmamawa na ruhaniya, kuma yawancin abin da aka sani game da shi ya zo ne ta shaidar ɗansa, marubucin Rawd Shamāʾil Ahl al-Haqīqa fī al-Taʿrīf bi-Baʿḍ Rijālāt Ahl al-Tarīqa. Ya fito daga babban iyali na Tijani a Chinguetti, iyali da aka sani da ilimi, tsoron Allah da asali mai daraja. Malami Muhammad al-Hajjouji, a juzu’i na biyar na Ithaf Ahl al-Maratib al-ʿIrfaniyya, ya bayyana shi da manyan kalmomin yabo a matsayin babban malami, liman, waliyyi mai kamala, mutum nagari wanda ya kai ga haƙiƙa, kuma tushen albarka. Ɗansa ya bayyana a cikin Rawd Shamāʾil Ahl al-Haqīqa cewa shi da kansa ya ga a rubutun hannun mahaifinsa wasu siffofin adhkar na Tijaniyya waɗanda ake ba kaɗan daga cikin zaɓaɓɓun zaɓaɓɓu kawai, abin da ke nuna girman matsayinsa na ruhaniya a hanya. A ƙasarsa, Sidi Ahmed Ham ya yi suna saboda ƙwarewa ta ban mamaki wajen littattafai da matsalolin ilimi masu wuya. Har mutanen yankinsa suka ba shi wani suna na gida da ke nufin yana iya fito da abin da yake ɓoye a cikin littafi, ma’ana yana iya ciro hukunce-hukunce masu laushi, muhawarorin fikihu masu wahala da kuma tambayoyin nazari masu sarkakiya da sauƙi na musamman. Musamman an san shi da warware matsalolin ilimi da fikihu masu wahala ba tare da wata wahala a bayyane ba. Ya kuma ba da kulawa ta musamman ga rubuta tambayoyin fikihu masu wuya da siraran bayanan shari’a, abin da ya ƙara masa suna a matsayin malami na daidaito da zurfi. A wani lokaci da hanyar Tijaniyya take fuskantar suka da musantawa a wasu wurare, malaman yankin sukan koma gare shi idan suka ji zarge-zarge ko maganganu masu tayar da hankali. Sai ya amsa musu ta hanyar da ke kwantar da zukata da natsar da tunani, abin da ke nuna ilimi da hikima tare. Wani sanannen labari yana bayyana wannan a fili: lokacin da aka jingina wata magana mai ban mamaki ga Shaykh al-Tijani kuma mutane suka yi zaton ba za a iya bayar da gamsasshiyar amsa ba, Sidi Ahmed Ham ya ba da wata bayani mai laushi da ya ginu a kan ƙa’idar ɓoye sirrin ruhaniya da kuma ladabin ɓoye abin da ya dace ya kasance a ɓoye. Malaman da suke wurin sun amince da amsarsa kuma suka yaba da ita. Matsayinsa bai tsaya ga ilimi kawai ba. Ɗansa ya kuma ba da rahoton cewa bayan rasuwarsa, mutane sukan ji karatun Alƙur’ani kusa da kabarinsa, musamman da dare, kuma ana yawan ganin haske yana fitowa daga gare shi. Ya kuma bayyana cewa an kashe Sidi Ahmed Ham ba bisa ƙa’ida ba a matsayin shahidi alhali yana sallar Duha, kuma ya kasance har zuwa wannan sallah ta ƙarshe yana kan alwala guda da ya yi tun daga sallar dare zuwa sallar asuba. Kabarinsa ya zama sananne sosai har ma aka fara danganta maqabartar da sunansa, abin da ke nuna zurfin ƙwaƙwalwarsa a cikin fahimtar ruhaniya ta yankin. An kuma rawaito cewa mahaifinsa ma yana daga cikin salihai, wanda aka san shi da kiyaye asiransa na ruhaniya, yawan azumi da tsananin tsoron Allah. Daga cikin labaran albarkar wannan iyali akwai wani game da rakumi da ya ɓace wanda ya tsare ta a alama, sannan daga baya ya umarci mai rakumin ya mayar da wata ɗamara ta wani iyali, wanda daga nan aka gane gaskiyar lamarin. Idan aka haɗa wannan duka, Sidi Ahmed ben Moham Alaoui Chenguiti ya bayyana a matsayin babban mutum a tarihin ilimi da ruhaniya na Chinguetti, mai haɗa ilimin addini, fahimtar fikihu, tarbiyyar tasawwufi da ikon ɗabi’a.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Ahmed Ben Ayashi Skiredj (1878–1944) ya kasance fitaccen malami ɗan ƙasar Maroko daga birnin Fas. Masanin fikihu ne, masani a ilimin tauhidi, malamin tasawwufi, marubuci kuma mawaƙi. Ya rubuta ayyuka fiye da 200, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan fitattun masu tunani na zamaninsa. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Fas a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1878 (1295 bayan Hijira), cikin gida mai daraja da aka sani da gudummawarsa a ilimi, adabi da tarihi. Daga cikin fitattun mutanen wannan iyali akwai mawaƙi Mohammed Ben Tayyib Skiredj da kuma masanin tarihi Abdel Salam Ben Ahmed Skiredj. Karatu Skiredj ya fara karatunsa a Fas a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mahaifinsa, Al-Hajj Ayashi Ben Abderrahmane Skiredj. Daga baya ya yi karatu a sananniyar Jami’ar Al-Qarawiyyine, inda ya ƙware a fannoni da dama: • Fikihun Musulunci• Nahawun Larabci da harshen Larabci• Hadisi da tarihin rayuwar Annabi• Tasawwufi• Adabi da waƙa Ayyuka Ya rubuta littattafai da risaloli 204, waɗanda suka nuna yalwar iliminsa da ƙwazonsa a fagen tunani. Saboda tsananin son littattafai da yake da shi, ya sadaukar da mafi yawan lokacinsa ga karatu, rubuce-rubuce, sharhi da koyarwa. Aikin Rayuwa A tsawon rayuwarsa, ya riƙe manyan mukamai na shari’a da gudanarwa: • Mai kula da Habous na Fez Jdid (1914–1918)• Alƙali a Oujda (1919–1922)• Mamba a Kotun Ƙoli a Rabat (1922–1924)• Alƙali a El Jadida (1924–1928)• Alƙali a Settat (1928–1944) Hanyar Ruhaniya Ya shiga ɗarikar Tijaniyya a shekara ta 1898 yana da shekaru 21. Ya zurfafa iliminsa na ruhaniya ta hanyar karatu mai zurfi da kuma jajircewa wajen aiwatar da ayyukan ɗarikar. Waƙa Waƙa ta kasance muhimmin ɓangare na gādonsa na ilimi. An san waƙoƙinsa da balaga da kuma zurfin ma’ana. Ayyukansa na waƙa sun haɗa da: • Diwanu 15 na yabon Annabi Muhammad• Diwanu 3 na yabon Sheikh Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī Dalibai Daga cikin waɗanda suka amfana da koyarwarsa akwai: • Sultan Moulay Abdelhafid• Sheikh Ibrahim Niass• malamai da dama daga Maroko da Afirka ta Yamma Rasuwa Ya rasu a ranar 12 ga Agusta, 1944, bayan matsalolin rashin lafiya da suka shafi ciwon sukari. An binne shi kusa da makabartar Qadi Ayyad a Marrakech. Rasuwarsa ta jawo baƙin ciki sosai a cikin al’ummomin malamai a Maroko da ma wajenta.

Farfesa Ahmed Ibn Abdallah Skiredj yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan fitattun mutanen Maroko da suka iya haɗa ƙwazon ilimi na jami’a da sadaukarwar hidima ga gādon ruhaniya da ilimi. Fitaccen malami ne a agronomy da ilimomin halitta masu amfani, sannan kuma ya shahara saboda doguwar rawar da ya taka wajen kiyaye da isar da al’adar ilimi ta Tijaniyya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesan ilimi mai zurfi a Hassan II Agronomic and Veterinary Institute da ke Rabat, kuma yana da digirin digirgir a Applied Biological Sciences. An horar da shi a matsayin masanin agronomy a Maroko da Amurka, inda ya yi karatu mai zurfi a Jami’ar Minnesota da Jami’ar California, Davis. Wannan horo biyu ya ba shi ƙaƙƙarfan tsari na jami’a da kuma faɗaɗɗen sanin ilimin kimiyya na duniya. Aikinsa na Jami’a da Kimiyya Farfesa Ahmed Ibn Abdallah Skiredj ya gina cikakkiyar rayuwar kimiyya mai yawan amfanin gaske a fannoni kamar ban ruwa, fertigation da horticulture. Ya rubuta kusan wallafe-wallafen kimiyya ɗari, abin da ke nuna zurfi da faɗin gudummawarsa ga binciken noma mai amfani. Ya kuma kula da fiye da ayyukan binciken digiri arba’in, yana taimaka wa horar da ƙarnuka na ɗalibai da masu bincike. Don haka rawarsa ba ta tsaya ga koyarwa a aji kawai ba; ya kuma kasance mai ba da jagoranci a ilimi, mai kula da bincike, kuma babban mai ba da gudummawa ga bunƙasar ilimin agronomy na amfani. Ya fice a matsayin malami da ya haɗa bincike, koyarwa da tasirin kimiyya a aikace. Dangantakarsa da Hanyar Tijaniyya Bayan aikinsa na kimiyya, Farfesa Skiredj ya kuma kasance mai sadaukarwa ga koyarwa da kuma Moqaddem na hanyar Tijaniyya tun daga shekara ta 1981. Wannan ɓangare na rayuwarsa yana nuna hali wanda ya iya haɗa ilimin jami’a na zamani da kuma sadaukarwar ruhaniya. Ya fito daga zuriyar ilimi mai daraja da ke da alaƙa da Shaykh Ahmad Ibn Ayashi Skiredj, ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen al’adar Tijaniyya a Maroko. Saboda cikakken sanin wannan gādo, ya sadaukar da shekaru masu yawa wajen kiyaye da isar da gādon ilimi da ruhaniya na Tijaniyya. Hidimarsa ga Gādon Tijaniyya Farfesa Ahmed Ibn Abdallah Skiredj ya yi suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muhimman mutanen zamaninmu wajen hidima ga gādon Tijaniyya. Ya rubuta kuma ya fassara ayyuka da dama masu alaƙa da al’adar Tijaniyya, kuma ya taimaka wajen sauƙaƙa isa ga manyan mataninta ga masu karatu. Daga cikin manyan gudummawarsa akwai muhimman fassarori na tsofaffin matanai na Tijaniyya, ciki har da: • Jawahir al-Maʿani• Al-Jamiʿ Waɗannan ayyuka suna da muhimmanci musamman domin suna taimaka wajen kai manyan madogarorin Tijaniyya ga masu karatu da yawa, tare da kuma taimaka wa zurfin nazari da fahimtar wannan al’ada. Gudummawarsa ga Wata Ɗakin Karatu ta Dijital Ya kuma taimaka wajen kafa wata ɗakin karatu ta dijital mai ƙunshe da littattafai sama da 200 da aka sadaukar ga hanyar Tijaniyya, da nufin sauƙaƙa isa ga sahihan madogara ga masu karatu a faɗin duniya. Wannan ƙoƙari yana wakiltar babbar gudummawa ga adanawa da yaɗawa. Bai tsaya kawai ga kare littattafai a zahiri ba, ya kuma taimaka wajen samar da su cikin sigar dijital, domin malamai, ɗalibai da masu karatu a ko’ina su amfana da su. Mutum Tsakanin Kimiyya da Ruhaniya Abin da ya sa Farfesa Ahmed Ibn Abdallah Skiredj ya bambanta musamman shi ne yadda ya haɗa tare: • masanin kimiyya da ƙwararren jami’a• malami kuma mai kula da bincike• jagoran ruhaniya• da mai kula da gādon Tijaniyya Saboda haka ya tsaya a matsayin gada tsakanin binciken jami’a na zamani da ilimin ruhaniya na gargajiya, kuma tsakanin ƙwarewar kimiyya da ƙwaƙwalwar al’adu. Kammalawa Farfesa Ahmed Ibn Abdallah Skiredj yana wakiltar fitaccen mutum daga Maroko wanda rayuwarsa ta haɗa nasarar kimiyya da sadaukarwa ga al’adar Tijaniyya. A matsayinsa na farfesa, mai bincike, mai kula da bincike, Moqaddem, marubuci, mai fassara da mai ba da gudummawa ga adanawa ta dijital, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ilimin zamani da kuma kiyaye babban gādon ruhaniya. Gādonsa shi ne na mutum da ya yi hidima ga kimiyya, ilimi da ƙwaƙwalwar ilimi ta Tijaniyya cikin daidaito da sadaukarwa.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Lahcen Baaqili, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi al-Ahsan Ben Mohamed Ben Abi al-Jama‘a al-Baaqili, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan fitattun malamai da jagororin ruhaniya na Tijaniyya a yankin Souss da ma a Maroko gaba ɗaya a ƙarni na ashirin. Ya yi suna saboda ƙaƙƙarfan ginshiƙin ilimi, zurfin fahimta ta ruhaniya, da yawan rubuce-rubuce a tasawwufi, tafsirin Alƙur’ani, hadisi, fikihu, usul al-fiqh da tauhidi. Rayuwar Farko da Asali An haife shi a Igdi, a ƙabilar Idaoubaqil da ke yankin Souss, a shekara ta 1301 bayan Hijira / 1881 miladiyya. Asalinsa yana komawa ga waliyyi al-Hajj Belqassem, wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 971 bayan Hijira, kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin kakannin iyalan sharifai na ƙabilar Baaqila. Silsilar danginsa tana kuma komawa zuwa gidan Annabi ta hannun al-Hasan ɗan Ali da Fatima al-Zahra, abin da ya ba gidansu matsayi na musamman a addini da zamantakewa. Karatu Ya yi karatu a hannun manyan malaman Souss. Ya fara ne da Sidi Ahmed al-Mafamani, sannan ya koma makarantar Iligh, inda ya yi karatu a hannun shahararren malami Abu al-Qasim at-Tajarmounti. Daga baya ya ci gaba a makarantar Bouabdeliya tare da masani a fikihu Sidi al-Mahfoud al-Adouzi. Daga nan sai ya tafi makarantar Tazentout a yankin Idaoutanan, inda ya yi karatu a hannun Sidi Ahmed al-Bouzouki. Malaminsa ya ɗora masa nauyin koyarwa, yin huɗuba da jagorantar sallah tun yana ƙasa da shekara goma sha bakwai, abin da ke nuna irin amincewar da aka yi masa tun yana ƙarami. Bayan haka ya yi ɗan lokaci kaɗan a makarantar Ikhlij a Ourika a hannun Sidi Ali al-Masfiwi, sannan ya zauna a Aït Wafqa domin ci gaba da karatu tare da babban malami Sidi Mas‘oud al-Wafqawi. Daga baya ya yi tafiya zuwa Fas, inda ya ci gaba da karatu na kusan shekara guda a Al-Qarawiyyine. Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya Sidi Lahcen Baaqili ya shiga Tijaniyya a shekara ta 1321 bayan Hijira ta hannun malaminsa Sidi Ali al-Masfiwi, lokacin yana kusan shekara ashirin. Ya kuma karɓi hanya daga wasu manyan mashayakhan Tijaniyya, ciki har da: • Sidi Haj Hussain Ifrani• Sidi Mahmoud, jikan Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī• Sidi Abdallah al-Qashash• da kuma sahabinsa na kusa Sidi Ali al-Isaki Ya amfana musamman daga Sidi Haj Hussain Ifrani, wanda ya ba shi cikakken izini, da kuma daga Sidi Mahmoud, jikan shaykhin da ya kafa ɗarikar, wanda ya nuna masa kulawa da fifiko na musamman. Ayyuka Sidi Lahcen Baaqili ya rubuta ayyuka da dama a tasawwufi, tafsirin Alƙur’ani, hadisi, fikihu, usul al-fiqh da akida. Daga cikin sanannun rubuce-rubucensa akwai: • Ira’at ‘Ara’is Shumus Falak al-Haqa’iq al-‘Irfaniyya• Ash-Shurb as-Safi min al-Karam al-Kafi ‘ala Jawahir al-Ma‘ani• Maqasid al-Asrar, aikin tafsiri mai juzu’i biyar• An-Nafha ar-Rabbaniyya fi at-Tariqa at-Tijaniyya An buga wasu daga cikin ayyukansa, yayin da wasu kuma har yanzu suna cikin rubutun hannu. Salon Iliminsa da Fannin Da Ya Fi Kwarewa Rubuce-rubucensa sun fi fice saboda sahihancin salo na tasawwufi da kuma zurfinsu a batutuwa da suka shafi tarbiyyar ruhaniya, ladubba, zuhudu, ahwal, maqamai da haƙiƙanin ciki. Yana da ƙwarewa ta musamman wajen bayyana siraran ma’anoni na ruhaniya cikin sauƙi, ta yadda masu karatu iri-iri za su iya fahimta. Ya kuma bunƙasa wata hanya ta musamman wajen kare hanyar Tijaniyya, inda ya rubuta cikakkun martani ga masu sukar hanya, yana amsawa da hujjoji da dalilai masu ƙarfi. Ana yawan ambaton aikinsa At-Tiryâq liman fasada qalbuhu wa mizajuhu a matsayin babban misali na wannan ɓangare na iliminsa. Zamaninsa da Matsayinsa a Tsakanin Malaman Tijaniyya Sidi Lahcen Baaqili ya rayu a wani zamani da ake yawan kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan albarka a tarihin Tijaniyya ta fuskar koyarwa, rubuce-rubuce da kare ɗarikar. Wasu marubutan baya ma sun bayyana wannan zamani a matsayin zinariyar zamani na Tijaniyya. Ya kasance tare da manyan mutane irinsu: • Sidi Mohamed al-Arabi Ben Sayeh• Sidi Haj Hussain Ifrani• Sidi Ahmed Skiredj• Sidi Mohamed Lahjouji• Sidi Mahmoud Ben al-Matmatiya Waɗannan malamai sun yi aiki cikin cika juna, suna haɗuwa a kan girmama juna da kuma hidima ga hanya. Rasuwa Ya rasu da ƙarfe ɗaya na dare kafin Juma’a, a ranar 10 Shawwal 1368 bayan Hijira, bayan rayuwa mai cike da ilimi, koyarwa da hidimar ruhaniya. Yana da shekaru 67 a lokacin rasuwarsa. Rasuwarsa ta jawo baƙin ciki ga malamai da jagororin ruhaniya, kuma mawaƙi Sidi Daoud Ben Abdelmounim ar-Rasmouki at-Tiyouti ya yi masa waƙar makoki, abin da ke nuna girman matsayinsa. Gādo Sidi Lahcen Baaqili ya bar babban gādon ilimi, ruhaniya da akida. Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan marubutan al’adar Tijaniyya, ana tuna shi saboda zurfin fahimtarsa, fayyace bayaninsa, da kuma babbar gudummawar da ya bayar wajen bayyanawa, tsara da kare koyarwar Tijaniyya.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Mohamed Arbi Alami Lahyani, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Mohamed al-Arabi Ben Idriss Ben Mohamed Ben al-Arabi Ben Omar al-Alami al-Lahyani, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malaman Fas kuma ɗaya daga cikin muhimman mutane na ɗarikar Tijaniyya a ƙarni na goma sha tara. Ya haɗa ilimin zahiri, ƙwarewa a karatun Alƙur’ani, da kuma kamalar ruhaniya, abin da ya ba shi matsayi na musamman a cikin da’irar malamai da masu tasawwufi na zamaninsa. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a shekara ta 1226 bayan Hijira / 1811 miladiyya a Fas, a gidan iyalinsa da ke Derb at-Twil, kusa da zawiyar malami Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Hassan Bennani, wanda aka san shi da sharhinsa a kan az-Zurqani. Ya taso a cikin wannan muhalli na ilimi da ibada, sannan ya haddace Alƙur’ani da matuƙar kulawa bisa karatun bakwai na mashahuran qira’o’i, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin malami Sidi Idriss Ben Abdallah al-Wadghiri, wanda ake kira al-Bakraoui. Karatu Bayan ya haddace Alƙur’ani, ya shiga Al-Qarawiyyine, inda ya yi karatu a hannun wasu daga cikin manyan malaman Fas. Daga cikin fitattun malamansa akwai: • Sidi Mohamed Badr ad-Din al-Hammoumi• Sidi Mohamed al-Amin az-Zizi al-Hassani al-Alawi• Abu al-Hassan Ali at-Tassouli• Abu al-Hassan Allal al-Marini• Sidi Mohamed Ben Abd ar-Rahman al-Filali al-Hajrati• Sidi Mohamed at-Talib Ben al-Hajj• Sidi Ahmed Bennani Kalla• Sidi at-Talib Ben Abd ar-Rahman as-Sarraj• Sidi Idriss Ben Abdallah al-Bakraoui• Sidi Abu Bakr Ben Kiran Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan horo na ilimi ya tabbatar da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malaman zamaninsa. Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya Sidi Mohamed Arbi Alami Lahyani ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutane na Tijaniyya. Ya karɓi hanyar da iznin koyar da ita daga manyan jagororin Tijaniyya da dama. Da farko ya karɓe ta daga muqaddam Sidi Abi Ya‘za Ben al-Khalifa al-Wasita Sidi Haj Ali Harazem Barrada, wanda ya ba shi babban izini. Daga baya aka ba shi izini a karo na biyu daga shahararren sharifi Sidi Mohamed al-Ghali Abu Talib, a yammacin Lahadi, 17 Jumada al-Thaniya 1240 bayan Hijira. Bayan haka kuma ya sami izini a karo na uku daga shahararren kutub Sidi Haj Ali at-Tamasini, bisa umarnin Sidi Mohamed al-Habib, ɗan Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī. Shi da kansa ya rubuta masa takardar shawarwari ta musamman, wadda ta ba shi damar naɗa muqaddamai hamsin tare da takaitaccen izini wanda ba a iya miƙa shi ga wani ba. An aiko masa da wannan takarda zuwa Fas ta hannun Sidi Ahmed al-Abdallaoui. Daga baya kuma ya sami izini a karo na huɗu daga sanannen muqaddam Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdelouahed Bennani al-Masri. Wadannan izini masu yawa suna nuna irin amincewa ta musamman da manyan jagororin ɗarikar suka yi masa. Tasirinsa na Ilimi da Ruhaniya Ya haɗa ilimin addini, sanin ruhaniya da koyarwar tasawwufi. Rayuwarsa tana nuna haɗuwar al’adar ilimi ta Al-Qarawiyyine da kuma zurfin tushe a hanyar Tijaniyya. Ta wannan hanya, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka taimaka wajen ƙarfafa wanzuwar ɗarikar a yankinsa. Zamansa a Zerhoun Daga baya ya tashi daga Fas zuwa yankin Zerhoun, inda ya zauna a ƙauyen Moussaoua. A can ya ci gaba da aikinsa na ruhaniya da tasiri har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Rasuwa Ya rasu a gidansa da ke Moussaoua a daren Asabar, 15 Jumada al-Thaniya 1320 bayan Hijira / 19 ga Satumba, 1902, kuma an binne shi a can. Daga baya maqbararsa ta zama sananniya, ana kuma ziyartarta domin neman albarka, abin da ke nuna irin ci gaba da girmamawa da ƙwaƙwalwar ruhaniya da ake danganta da sunansa. Gādo Sidi Mohamed Arbi Alami Lahyani ya bar gādo na ilimi da ruhaniya. Har yanzu ana danganta sunansa da al’adar ilimi ta Fas, gādon koyarwa na Al-Qarawiyyine, da kuma yaɗuwar Tijaniyya a yankuna da dama na Maroko. Ana ci gaba da tunawa da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutanen kirki masu daraja a tarihin addini da ilimi na wannan zamani.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Haj Hussain Ifrani (1832–1910) ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman yankin Souss, kuma babban jagora a Ahmadiyya Tijaniyya a Maroko. Masanin fikihu ne, masanin hadisi, marubucin adabi kuma jagoran tasawwufi. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a koyarwar addini da jagorancin ruhaniya a kudancin Maroko. Rayuwar Farko da Karatu An haife shi a shekara ta 1832 (1248 bayan Hijira) a Tankert, a yankin Souss. A can ne ya sami koyarwarsa ta farko a fikihu, hadisi da ilimin harshen Larabci. Daga baya ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Fas da Marrakech, inda ya yi karatu a hannun fitattun malamai. Bayan ya kammala karatunsa, ya koma Souss, ya sadaukar da kansa ga koyarwa da bayar da fatawowi, musamman a makarantun gargajiya na Tazeroualt, Aït Rkha da Sidi Bou Abdelli. Matsayinsa na Ilimi An san Sidi Haj Hussain Ifrani a matsayin masanin fikihu, malamin hadisi, marubucin adabi kuma malamin tasawwufi. Yana da matsayi mai muhimmanci a rayuwar ilimi da addini ta zamaninsa, kuma ya ba da babbar gudummawa wajen yaɗa ilimi da tarbiyyar ruhaniya a yankin Souss. Dakunan Karatunsa da Wata Babbar Jarabawa Yana da ɗakin karatu mai daraja wanda ke ɗauke da litattafai masu wuya a samu, waɗanda ba su samuwa a yankin a wancan lokaci. Saboda muhimmancinsa, gidansa da ke Souk (Tankert) ya fuskanci hari daga ɓarayi, waɗanda suka sace kusan littattafai 1,600. Wannan lamari ya sa ya koma Tiznit, inda hukumomin Makhzen suka ba shi gida, kuma a can ya yi sauran rayuwarsa. An kuma kafa wata cibiyar zawiyar Tijaniyya a kusa da wurin. Ayyuka Ya rubuta muhimman littattafai da dama a fannonin ruhaniya, ɗabi’a, ilimi da kare al’adar Tijaniyya. Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: • Tiryaq al-Qulub fi Adwa’ al-Ghafla wa adh-Dhunub• Al-Khawatim adh-Dhahabiyya fi al-Ajwiba al-Qashashiyya• Qam‘ al-Mu‘arid al-Muftari al-Fattan• Kashf al-Ghita fi man Takallama fi ash-Shaykh at-Tijani bil-Khata’• Al-Majalis al-Muhabbara al-Fa’ida• Izhar al-Haqq wa as-Sawab• Rawd al-Akyas wa Mahabb ar-Rahamat• Ta‘liq ‘ala Kitab ad-Durra al-Kharida Waɗannan ayyuka suna nuna yalwar iliminsa da jajircewarsa wajen jagoranci na ruhaniya da tunani. Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya Ya shiga Tijaniyya ta hannun malami Aknsous a shekara ta 1875 (1292 bayan Hijira). Daga baya ya samu izini a ɗarikar daga Sidi al-Arabi Ibn as-Sayih ash-Sharqi al-‘Umari a shekara ta 1887 (1304 bayan Hijira), haka kuma daga Sidi Ahmed Bennani Kalla al-Fassi. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan wakilan ɗarikar Tijaniyya a Maroko, musamman a yankin Souss. Rasuwa Ya rasu a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1910 (4 Shawwal 1328 bayan Hijira), shekaru biyu kafin kafuwar Faransa a matsayin Protectorate a Maroko. Masanin ilimi Sidi Mustapha Maâ al-Aynayn ne ya jagoranci sallar jana’izarsa, kuma an binne shi a zawiyar Tijaniyya ta Tiznit. Gādo Sidi Haj Hussain Ifrani ya bar gādon ilimi da ruhaniya mai ɗorewa a Maroko. Har yanzu ana tuna rayuwarsa da ayyukansa ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen tarihin rayuwa da nazarce-nazarcen da aka sadaukar domin tunawa da shi.

Sidi Haj Malik Sy ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan fitattun mutanen Tijaniyya a Senegal kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai da jagororin ruhaniya mafi tasiri a zamaninsa. Ya haɗa ilimin addini, tarbiyyar ruhaniya, rubuce-rubuce, koyarwa da jagoranci, kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaɗa da ƙarfafa hanyar Tijaniyya a Senegal, musamman ta hanyar birnin Tivaouane. Cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Haj Malik ibn Uthman ibn Muʿadh ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Yusuf al-Julfi. Ya fito daga zuriyar Tekrour, wadda take cikin duniyar kabilun Fulani, musamman a yankin kogin Senegal, musamman kusa da Saint-Louis. An haife shi a ƙauyen Gaya, yammacin Dagana a arewacin Senegal. An haife shi maraya, amma duk da wannan farkon rayuwa mai wuya, ya gaji daga mahaifinsa, wanda ya kasance babban malami, wata ɗakin karatu mai daraja cike da littattafai masu muhimmanci, madogara da rubuce-rubucen hannu masu wuya. Wannan gādon ilimi ya yi tasiri sosai a kan tarbiyyarsa ta farko. Ya haddace Alƙur’ani tun yana ƙarami a Gaya, sannan ya yi karatun ilimomin Musulunci, harshen Larabci, adabi da sauran fannoni masu alaƙa da su a hannun wasu fitattun malamai a ƙasarsa. Ya kuma yi tafiye-tafiye a garuruwa da dama na Senegal domin neman ilimi har ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman Senegal. Zuwansa Tivaouane ya faru ne bayan dattawa da manyan yankin suka nemi malami mai ƙwarewa a tafsirin Alƙur’ani, wanda zai iya koya musu su da ‘ya’yansu Alƙur’ani bisa madaidaicin tsarin ilimi. Da suka ji game da ilimi da matsayinsa, sai suka ci gaba da roƙonsa ya zauna a tsakaninsu ya yi koyarwa. Ya amince, kuma zuwansa a shekara ta 1318 bayan Hijira / 1900 miladiyya ya zama babban juyin juya hali a rayuwar addini da ilimi ta yankin. Sidi Haj Malik Sy ya kuma kasance marubuci mai yawan aiki. Rubuce-rubucensa suna nuna yalwar iliminsa a fikihu, akida da aikace-aikacen Tijaniyya, harshen Larabci, adabi da mas’alolin shari’a. Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: Khulasat al-Dhahab, kan tarihin mafi alherin Larabawa Hizb al-Yamani wa Ghayat al-Amani Qantarat al-Murid Al-Kawkab al-Munir Rayy al-Zam’an, kan haihuwar shugaban zuriyar ‘Adnan Fakihat al-Tullab Wasilat al-Muqarrabin Tabshir al-Ikhwan Zajr al-Qulub Wasilat al-Mujrimin Wasilat al-Muna wani risala kan tabbatar da azumi ta hanyar telegraph wani risala a kan zakka martani ga wani mai musun al-Asqam martani ga wasu masu sukar ra’ayi Ya karɓi hanyar Tijaniyya daga kawunsa na wajen uwa Alfa Mayoro, wanda shi kuma ya karɓa daga malami mai ma’rifa Sidi Mawlud Fal al-Yaʿqoubi, sannan daga shahararren kutub kuma mujāhidi Sidi Haj Omar al-Fouti. Wannan ya tabbatar da Haj Malik a cikin ɗaya daga cikin manyan silsilolin Tijaniyya a Afirka ta Yamma. Ta hanyar ƙoƙarinsa, hanyar Tijaniyya ta bazu sosai a Senegal da yankunan da ke makwabtaka da ita. Ya rasu ranar Asabar, 5 Dhu al-Qiʿda 1340 bayan Hijira / 30 ga Yuni, 1922 miladiyya, a Tivaouane, inda aka binne shi. Maqbararsa tana nan har yanzu, kuma ana ziyartarta a matsayin wurin neman albarka. Babban malami Sidi Ahmad Skiredj ya yabe shi ƙwarai. A cikin aikinsa Jinayat al-Muntasib al-ʿAni, ya bayyana shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka yi rubutu na ƙwarai kan hanyar Tijaniyya, kuma ayyukansu suna nuna a fili cewa marubucinsu yana daga cikin cikakku a buɗewar ruhaniya. Ya kuma jaddada cewa Haj Malik ya yi aiki sosai a tarbiyyar ruhaniya, ya horar da almajirai da yawa, ya yi hidima ga mutane da al’umma, ya kasance mai yawan ibada, kuma ya siffantu da rashin sha’awar dukiyar duniya. Skiredj ya kuma yabe shi a cikin waƙa a cikin tafiyarsa Taj al-Ru’us, inda ya ambace shi da iyalinsa da ƙauna da girmamawa. Daga cikin rubuce-rubucen Haj Malik, Fakihat al-Tullab yana da muhimmanci musamman. Ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan matanan koyarwa da aka sadaukar ga fikihu da ladabin hanyar Tijaniyya, yana tattara sharuɗɗa, wajibai da ƙa’idojinta cikin tsari. Ya zama babban littafin madogara, musamman a Senegal da ƙasashen da ke kusa, kuma almajirai da dama sun haddace shi kuma suka yaɗa shi sosai. Wannan waƙa kuma ta bambanta saboda an gina ta a fili a kan tasirin Rimah na Sidi Omar al-Fouti. Ta bi wannan tsohon salo a tsarin rubutu, jigogi da hanyar bayanin akida, abin da ke nuna irin amincin Haj Malik ga al’adar ilimi da ruhaniya ta Tijaniyya a Afirka ta Yamma. Saboda waɗannan duka, Sidi Haj Malik Sy ya tsaya a matsayin babban malami, mai tarbiyyar ruhaniya, marubuci, kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan ginshiƙan yaɗuwar Tijaniyya a Senegal, tare da gādon da ya ci gaba ta littattafansa, almajiransa da kuma ɗorewar tasirin ruhaniya na Tivaouane.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Haj Ali Harazem, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Haj Ali Harazem Ben al-Arabi Barrada al-Fassi, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun manyan jagororin Ahmadiyya Tijaniyya. An san shi a matsayin babban malamin ruhaniya kuma ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran khalifofin Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī. Yana da matsayi na musamman a tarihin Tijaniyya, musamman ta hanyar alaƙarsa da shahararren littafin Jawahir al-Ma‘ani. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Fas cikin gida mai daraja da kima, wanda yake daga cikin tsofaffin gidaje masu mutunci a birnin. Ya tashi a muhallin da aka gina a kan daraja, ilimi da ruhaniya, kuma wannan ya taimaka wajen tsara matsayinsa na ilimi da ruhaniya a gaba. Majiyoyin tarihin rayuwarsa suna jaddada darajar gidansu da kuma girman matsayin da yake da shi tun yana matashi. Matsayinsa na Ilimi da Ruhaniya A cikin rubuce-rubucen gargajiya, ana bayyana Sidi Haj Ali Harazem a matsayin cikakken shugaba, masani mai haƙiƙa, jagoran ruhaniya, kuma mai tarbiyyar almajirai. An ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kusancin sahabban Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, kuma sau da yawa ana gabatar da shi a matsayin babban khalifansa. A cikin al’adar Tijaniyya, ana yawan kallonsa a matsayin mai ɗauke da babban amanar ruhaniya, kuma majiyoyi suna nuna irin matsayi na musamman da yake da shi a idon Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī. Ganawarsa da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī Alaƙarsa da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī na ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da suka bayyana rayuwarsa. Bisa ga majiyoyi, dangantakarsa da shaykhin ta samu ne bayan wata gani ta ruhaniya, sannan aka tabbatar da ita a lokacin ganawarsu a Oujda a shekara ta 1191 bayan Hijira, lokacin da shaykhin yake tafiya daga Tlemcen zuwa ziyartar Moulay Idris. Tun daga wannan lokaci, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi kusancin almajiran shaykhin, daga baya kuma ya zama khalifansa. Ruwayoyin Tijaniyya suna bayyana shi a matsayin mutum mai fice wajen kashf, gani na ruhaniya da kusanci na musamman da ma’anonin ciki na hanya. Ayyuka Baya ga Jawahir al-Ma‘ani, Sidi Haj Ali Harazem ya rubuta wasu muhimman ayyuka, ciki har da: • Risalat al-Fadl wal-Imtinan ila Kaffat al-Ahbab wal-Ikhwan• Al-Kanz al-Mutalsam fi Haqiqat Sirr Ismihi al-A‘zam• Al-Irshadat ar-Rabbaniyya bil-Futuhat al-Ilahiyya min Fayd al-Hadra al-Ahmadiyya at-Tijaniyya Waɗannan rubuce-rubuce suna da matsayi mai muhimmanci a adabin ruhaniya na Tijaniyya, kuma suna nuna zurfin fahimtarsa ta akida da kuma babban matakinsa na ruhaniya. Jawahir al-Ma‘ani Sunan Sidi Haj Ali Harazem yana da alaƙa ta musamman da Jawahir al-Ma‘ani, ɗaya daga cikin ginshiƙan littattafan ɗarikar Tijaniyya. Wannan littafi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen adanawa da isar da koyarwa, zantuka da jagorancin ruhaniya na Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī. Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan madogara wajen fahimtar tarihin, ƙa’idoji da ruhaniyyar hanyar Tijaniyya. Matsayinsa a cikin Tijaniyya Sidi Haj Ali Harazem ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan ginshiƙan Ahmadiyya Tijaniyya. Ya taka rawa mai yanke hukunci wajen kiyaye, isarwa da tsara gādon ruhaniyyarta. Ta wurinsa ne aka isar da babban ɓangare na koyarwar shaykhin da ya kafa ɗarikar zuwa ga waɗanda suka zo daga baya. Saboda haka, matsayinsa a ƙwaƙwalwar Tijaniyya na musamman ne: ana tuna shi a matsayin sahabi na kusa, babban khalifa, kuma marubucin manyan littattafan madogara. Rasuwa Ya rasu a ƙasar Hijaz, shi ya sa wasu majiyoyi ke bayyana shi da cewa: Bafasi ne ta haihuwa da tarbiyya, amma Bahijazi ne ta rasuwa. Rasuwarsa ta ci gaba da ɗauke da ƙarfi na alama da ruhaniya a cikin al’adar Tijaniyya. Gādo Sidi Haj Ali Harazem ya bar babban gādo a tarihin tasawwufin Maroko da kuma a tarihin ɗarikar Tijaniyya. Har yanzu sunansa yana da alaƙa ƙwarai da aminci ga Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, isar da koyarwar hanya, da kuma rubuta manyan ayyuka waɗanda ke ci gaba da tsara ƙwaƙwalwar ruhaniya da ilimi ta wannan al’ada.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Tayeb Soufiani, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Tayeb Ben Mohamed as-Saqafi, wanda aka fi sani da Soufiani, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutanen Tijaniyya kuma ɗaya daga cikin sahabban Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī na kusa. An san shi da nagarta, albarka, karamci da kuma tsananin ƙaunar da yake yi wa shaykhin. A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu ɗauke da Littafin Allah, ya sami matsayi mai muhimmanci a ƙwaƙwalwar ruhaniya ta ɗarikar. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Fas, inda ya taso kuma ya sami karatunsa na farko. Yana daga cikin waɗanda suka haddace Alƙur’ani. Ko da yake ba a fi saninsa da shiga kowane fanni na ilimin zahiri kamar yadda wasu manyan malamai suka yi ba, an san shi da falala, ikhlasi da matsayi na ruhaniya. Dalilin Da Aka Ce Masa “Soufiani” A cewar Ahmed Skiredj, sunan Soufiani ba yana nufin cewa kai tsaye yana daga cikin iyalan Soufiani da suka zauna a Fas ba. A’a, ya samo asali ne daga cewa kakansa Moulay Ahmed ya taso ne ƙarƙashin kulawar waliyyi Sidi al-Hassan Ben Ibrahim as-Soufiani, wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 1098 bayan Hijira. Wannan waliyyi yana da zawiya da mabiyansa sanannu a Fas da yankunanta, abin da ya sa iyalin suka shahara da wannan suna. Asali Asalinsa mai daraja an ɗauke shi a matsayin sananne kuma tabbatacce. Marubutan da suka rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa sun jingina silsilarsa zuwa Moulay Idris ɗan Idris ɗan Abdallah al-Kamil ɗan al-Hasan al-Muthanna ɗan al-Hasan as-Sibt ɗan Ali da Fatima, ‘yar Annabi. Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī da kansa ya ba da shaida ga sahihancin wannan asali nasa mai daraja, kuma ana ganin wannan a matsayin babban matsayi na musamman, musamman saboda girman girmamawar da shaykhin yake yi wa zuriyar Annabi. Matsayinsa a Wajen Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī Sidi Tayeb Soufiani yana daga cikin sahabban da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī ya fi ƙauna. Shaykhin yana girmama shi a bainar jama’a, yana yawan tashi tsaye domin tarbarsa, kuma yana nuna masa daraja ta musamman. A wajen almajirai, irin waɗannan alamu ma ana kallonsu a matsayin shaida ga sahihancin asalin mutum mai daraja. Majiyoyin kuma suna nuna cewa an ba shi cikakken izini na isar da hanya, ko yana gida ko yana tafiya, kuma an ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin amintattun almajirai na kusa da shaykhin. Dalilin Shigarsa Hanyar Tijaniyya Sidi Tayeb Soufiani bai shiga Tijaniyya a farkon wanzuwarta ba. Kafin haka, ya kasance yana riƙe da wird na hanyar Wazzaniyya, wanda ya karɓa daga shahararren kutub Sidi Ahmed Ben at-Tayyib al-Wazzani, kuma ya zauna da ita kusan shekaru talatin. Babban sauyin ya zo ne lokacin da yake wucewa ta Masar a hanyarsa ta zuwa aikin hajji. A can ya haɗu da muqaddam Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdelouahed Bennani al-Masri, a gidansa kuma ya ga littafin Jawahir al-Ma‘ani. Yayin da yake karanta shi, ilimin ruhaniya da siraran ma’anonin da ke cikinsa suka motsa shi ƙwarai, kuma ƙauna mai ƙarfi ga hanyar Tijaniyya ta shiga zuciyarsa. Da ya dawo Fas daga baya ya haɗu da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, sai shaykhin ya faɗa masa wasu sirrikan rayuwarsa, har da wani abu da ya faru lokacin da mahaifiyarsa take ɗauke da cikinsa. Wannan ya kawar da shakkunsa gaba ɗaya, ya kuma ƙara masa yaqini, ƙauna da cikakkiyar miƙa kai ga shaykhin. Wasu Siffofi na Rayuwarsa A farkon rayuwarsa, Sidi Tayeb Soufiani yana daga cikin attajiran Fas, kuma an san shi da faɗaɗɗen kasuwanci har zuwa Constantine da Aljeriya, tare da yawan gonaki da kadarori. Daga baya kuma ya shiga wani yanayi na zurfin renon zuciya da barin duniya. Bisa ga majiyoyi, wata rana ya roƙi shaykhin ya yi masa addu’a ya mutu cikin ƙauna gare shi. Sai shaykhin ya ce masa: “Ka shirya kanka don sanya mayafin talauci.” Daga wannan lokaci, sai ya fara rabuwa a hankali da son duniya, ya bar halaye na abin duniya, har ya zama misalin talaucin ruhaniya a gaban Allah. An kuma san shi sosai da karamci ga zuriyar Annabi, waɗanda yake girmamawa ƙwarai, wani lokaci har yana kashe babban ɓangare na dukiyarsa a kansu. Wannan ya zama muhimmin ɓangare na halayensa da ibadarsa. Tarbiiyyarsa ta Ruhaniya Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī ya ba da kulawa ta musamman wajen tarbiyarsa ta ruhaniya. Ya nisantar da shi daga wasu tsofaffin alaƙoƙi domin tarbiyyarsa ta cika a ƙarƙashin kallo guda na ruhaniya. Ruwayoyi da dama da aka adana a cikin majiyoyi suna nuna yadda shaykhin yake lura da halayensa sosai, yana kuma gyara alkiblarsa domin ya kai shi ga balagar ruhaniya mai zurfi. Aiki Ana danganta shi da littafin Al-Ifada al-Ahmadiyya li-Murid as-Sa‘ada al-Abadiyya, wani aiki mai alaƙa da gādon Tijaniyya da kuma shiryar da almajirai a hanya. Rasuwa Sidi Tayeb Soufiani ya rasu a Fas da tsakar rana ranar Laraba, 6 Jumada al-Thaniya 1259 bayan Hijira. An binne shi a wajen Bab Ajissa, a Jabal Za‘fran, a gefen hagu idan mutum yana fita. Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī da kansa ya rubuta baitoci da suka nuna ranar rasuwarsa. Gādo Sidi Tayeb Soufiani ya bar gādo mai zurfin ruhaniya a ƙwaƙwalwar Tijaniyya. Ana tunawa da shi saboda tsarkakakkiyar ƙaunarsa ga shaykhin, aminci, karamci, hidima ga zuriyar Annabi, da kuma matsayinsa na musamman a cikin mafi kusancin sahabban Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī. Wasu majiyoyi suna cewa a ƙarshen rayuwarsa an yi masa bushara cewa ba zai mutu ba sai bayan ya sami buɗewar ruhaniya, kuma shi kansa ya ce: “Eh, an ba ni buɗewar.” Wannan ya ƙara tabbatar da hotonsa a matsayin mutum mai ikhlasi, mai albarka kuma mai aminci a hanya.

Sidi Tijani Ibn Baba Alaoui Chenguiti ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malamai da marubutan adabi masu alaƙa da al’adar Tijaniyya a Mauritaniya a ƙarni na goma sha tara. Ya haɗa siffofin malami, mawaƙi, matafiyi da almajiri na ruhaniya, kuma ya bar gādo mai ɗorewa duk da gajeriyar rayuwarsa. Ya fito daga gida mai daraja wanda aka san shi da ilimi, tsoron Allah da asali mai girma. Mahaifinsa, Sidi Bab ben Ahmed Bib, ya kasance fitaccen malami a zamaninsa, yayin da mahaifiyarsa, Khadija bint Muhammad ibn al-Mukhtar ibn Uthman al-Alawiyya, ta shahara da ibada, ilimi da tsananin riƙon hanyar Tijaniyya. An haife shi a kusan shekara ta 1819 miladiyya / 1234 bayan Hijira, ya kuma taso a cikin muhalli mai zurfin ilimi, inda ya sami karatunsa na farko a hannun mahaifinsa da wasu manyan malaman yankinsa. Da sauri ya yi suna saboda baiwar adabi da kuma alamar basira ta ilimi. A shekara ta 1841, ya yi tafiya zuwa Maroko da niyyar ci gaba zuwa Ƙasashe Masu Tsarki. Wannan tafiya ta zama babban juyin juya hali a rayuwarsa ta ilimi da ruhaniya. Bayan ya bi ta Marrakech, El Jadida da Tangier, ya zauna a Meknes, inda ya haɗu da wasu manyan malaman Tijaniyya, musamman Sidi Mohamed Larbi ben Sayeh, wanda ya kulla ƙaƙƙarfan alaƙa ta ruhaniya da ilimi da shi. Ya shiga hanyar Tijaniyya tun yana ƙarami, kafin ya kai shekara goma sha huɗu, sannan daga baya ya haɗu da manyan mashayakhanta da dama a Mauritaniya, Maroko, Aljeriya da Tunisiya. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ya haɗu da su akwai Sidi Mawloud Fall al-Ya‘qoubi, Sidi Mohamed Akensous, Sidi Mohamed Belkacem Basri, kuma musamman khalifa Sidi El Hadj Ali Tamasini, wanda yake girmamawa da ƙauna ƙwarai. Ya kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen isar da muhimman izinin ruhaniya daga manyan jagororin Tijaniyya zuwa ga malamai a Maroko, abin da ke nuna irin amincewar da shugabannin ɗarikar suka yi masa. Sidi Tijani Ibn Baba ya kuma kasance marubuci da mawaƙi. Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: • Munyat al-Murid• wata waƙa ta koyarwa game da matan Annabi, ‘ya’yansa mata da zuriyarsa• sigar nazmi ta al-Waraqat• wani littafin tafiya da ya bayyana malamansa, mutanen da ya haɗu da su da kuma tafiyoyinsa zuwa Hijaz da Maghrib Bayan rasuwar Sidi El Hadj Ali Tamasini a shekara ta 1844, ya koma Tunisiya, daga baya kuma zuwa Madina, inda ya zauna kusan shekara guda. Ya rasu a shekara ta 1263 bayan Hijira a Madina, sakamakon annobar sankarau irin smallpox da ta bazu a lokacin, kuma an binne shi a maqabartar al-Baqi‘. Yana da kusan shekara 29 kacal. Duk da gajeriyar rayuwarsa, Sidi Ibn Baba Alaoui Chenguiti ya ci gaba da kasancewa muhimmin mutum a tarihin ilimi da ruhaniya na Tijaniyya, ana tuna shi saboda haɗa ilimi, adabi, tsoron Allah da neman ilimin alfarma.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi M’hammed Guennūn, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi M’hammed Ben Mohamed Ben Abdessalam Guennūn al-Hassani al-Idrissi, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman Fas kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen Tijaniyya a zamaninsa. Ya yi suna saboda ƙwaƙwalwarsa ta ban mamaki, ƙwarewarsa a ilimomin addini, da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka wajen farfaɗo da koyarwar ilimi mai zurfi a Al-Qarawiyyine. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Fas a shekara ta 1270 bayan Hijira. A can ya haddace Alƙur’ani tun yana ƙarami, sannan ya sadaukar da kansa gaba ɗaya ga neman ilimi. Tun daga farko ya nuna baiwar basira mai ban mamaki, wadda daga baya ta sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin malamai mafi girma a zamaninsa. Karatu Ya yi karatu a hannun manyan malaman Al-Qarawiyyine da dama, ciki har da: • Sidi Ahmed Bennani Kalla• Sidi Ahmed al-Alami• ɗan uwansa Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Madani Guennūn• Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Abbas al-Iraqi Babban malaminsa shi ne Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Abbas al-Iraqi, wanda a hannunsa ya kammala wani muhimmin ɓangare na gina iliminsa. Mutanen zamaninsa sun bayyana shi a matsayin masani mai daidaito da riƙon ilimi, wanda yake iya buɗe ma’anoni masu wahala cikin haske da fahimta. Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya Sidi M’hammed Guennūn ya karɓi hanyar Tijaniyya daga hannun wasu daga cikin manyan jagororinta, ciki har da: • Sidi Larbi Ben Sayeh• Sidi Ahmed Mahmoud ad-Dar‘i• Sidi Ahmed Ben Ahmed Bennani Kalla• da sauran mashayakhan da ke da izini Ya shiga Tijaniyya a hukumance a shekara ta 1285 bayan Hijira / 1868 miladiyya, lokacin da bai wuce shekara goma sha biyar ba. Tun kafin wannan ma, ya kasance yana rakiyar mahaifinsa zuwa babbar zawiyar Tijaniyya domin halartar majalisar wazifa, abin da ke nuna cewa dangantakarsa da ɗarikar ta fara tun da wuri sosai. Daga baya ya sami izinin isar da adhkar ɗinta, kuma wasu ruwayoyi suna cewa a ƙarshen rayuwarsa ya samu halaye na ruhaniya da ke nuna babban matsayi na ciki. Koyarwa da Tasirin Ilimi Bayan ya kammala karatunsa, ya fara koyarwa a Al-Qarawiyyine a shekara ta 1292 bayan Hijira / 1875 miladiyya, lokacin yana da shekaru 22 kacal. Da sauri ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan malamai masu koyarwa a Fas, yana tarbiyyar fitattun malamai, alƙalai, notaries, malamai masu koyarwa da limamai. Daga cikin sanannun dalibansa akwai: • Sidi Ahmed Skiredj• Sidi Mohamed Lahjouji• Sidi Hassan Mazzour• Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdelouahed an-Nadhifi• al-Fatimi ash-Charadi• Abdessalam Ben Mohamed Bennani• Mohamed Ben Abdallah ash-Chaouni• Mohamed al-Hajoui• Mohamed Ben Mohamed Bennani• Abdessalam al-Muhibb al-Alawi Saboda ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwarsa da daidaitonsa na ban mamaki, wasu daga cikin dalibansa sun bayyana shi a matsayin babban mai haddar ilimi na zamaninsa. Rawar da Ya Taka Wajen Farfaɗo da Ilimomi Dalibinsa Mohamed al-Hajoui ya rubuta cewa ya farfaɗo da wasu ilimomi da suka raunana ko kuma kusan an manta da su. Daga cikin fannoni da ya taimaka wajen dawo da su akwai: • tajwid• nazarin at-Talkhis tare da Sa‘d’s Mutawwal• koyar da tafsirin al-Baydawi Wannan sabuntawa ya yi tasiri sosai a rayuwar ilimi ta Fas. Ko da yake daga baya an naɗa shi na ɗan lokaci a matsayin alƙali a Asfi, bai yi fiye da kusan shekara guda a can ba kafin ya nemi a sake shi domin ya koma koyarwa da yaɗa ilimi. Ayyuka Sidi M’hammed Guennūn ya bar ayyuka masu yawa a tasawwufi, hadisi, fikihu, balaga, mantik, tauhidi da muhawarar ilimi. Daga cikin sanannun rubuce-rubucensa akwai: • Hall al-Aqfal fi Sharh Jawharat al-Kamal• Sharh Yaqutat al-Haqa’iq• Raf‘ al-‘Itab ‘amman mana‘ az-Ziyara min al-Ashab• Ad-Durr al-Manzum fi Nusrat al-Qutb al-Maktum• An-Nutq al-Mafhum fi Hall Mushkilat ad-Durr al-Manzum• Al-Ibana• Ithaf at-Talib fi Najat Abi Talib• Tahdhir al-Abrar min Mukhalatat al-Kuffar• Kashf al-Litham ‘an Hukm Dukhul al-Hammam• As-Sawa‘iq al-Mursala• Al-‘Iqd al-Farid• Tahqiq al-Qawl bi ‘Adam Islam Fir‘awn• Ar-Riyad al-Bahja• Hall ar-Rumuz• I‘lam ar-Rawi• da kuma manyan khatmas na ilimi a kan Sahih al-Bukhari, tafsiri, Mukhtasar Khalil da ash-Shifa’ Yawan waɗannan ayyuka da bambancin su suna nuna yalwar iliminsa da zurfin fahimtarsa. Rasuwa Ya rasu bayan sallar la’asar a ranar Juma’a, 28 Sha‘ban 1326 bayan Hijira / 24 ga Satumba, 1908. An yi masa sallar jana’iza bayan sallar magariba a Ahmadi Tijani zawiya ta Fas, ƙarƙashin jagorancin dalibinsa Sidi Mohamed Ben Mohamed Bennani. An binne shi a maqbarar waliyyi nagari Sidi Abi Ghalib, a gefen hagu na ƙofar shiga kubbar. Gādo Rasuwarsa ta jawo baƙin ciki mai zurfi a Fas. Jama’a da yawa suka halarci jana’izarsa, kuma ruwayoyi suna nuna cewa manya da ƙanana duk sun nemi albarka ta wurinsa. An yi masa makoki a cikin waƙoƙi da dama, kuma dalibansa da takwarorinsa sun tuna shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu sabunta ilimi a zamaninsa. Gādonsa yana ci gaba ta hannun dalibansa masu yawa, ilimomin da ya taimaka wajen farfaɗowa, da kuma manyan rubuce-rubucen da ya bari, waɗanda dukkansu ke tabbatar da matsayinsa a cikin manyan malaman zamaninsa.

This record will be enriched with a fuller notice and imagery soon.

Farfesa Sidi Mohamed Radi Genoune al-Idrissi al-Hassani yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman mutanen zamaninmu wajen adanawa da farfaɗo da gādon ilimi na Tijaniyya, musamman ta hanyar fitaccen aikinsa a kan rubuce-rubucen hannu da ayyukan babban malami kuma arifi Sidi Ahmad Skiredj. Bisa ga shaidar Ahmad ben Abdallah Skiredj, iyalin Skiredj sun daɗe suna jiran cikar wata magana da aka danganta ga Sidi Ahmad Skiredj kafin rasuwarsa: cewa bayan shekaru hamsin da rasuwarsa, wani mutum zai zo ya farfaɗo da littattafansa, ya fito da su, ya kuma yaɗa su a cikin mutane. A shekara ta 1995, daidai shekaru hamsin bayan rasuwarsa, Sidi Mohamed Radi Genoune ya zo domin karɓa da aiki a kan waɗannan rubuce-rubuce. Mutane da yawa sun ɗauki wannan a matsayin wata alama mai ban mamaki. Daga nan sai ya fara aikin mai wahala na hulɗa kai tsaye da tsofaffin rubuce-rubucen hannu: fitar da su, shimfiɗa su a rana, adana su, karanta su, da kula da yanayinsu na rauni, sau da yawa duk da kwari, ƙura da lalacewar jiki. Wannan aiki ne mai buƙatar haƙuri, ilimi da sadaukarwa. Asali Sidi Mohamed Radi Genoune yana daga cikin gidan sharifai na Idrisi Hassani mai daraja. Asalinsa yana komawa ta jerin kakanni na gari zuwa Moulay Idris al-Azhar, wanda ya kafa Fas, sannan zuwa Moulay Idris al-Akbar, sannan zuwa Abdallah al-Kamil, sannan zuwa al-Hasan al-Muthanna, sannan zuwa al-Hasan al-Sibt, ɗan Imam Ali da Sayyidatuna Fatima al-Zahra, ‘yar Annabi Muhammad, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi. Saboda haka yana daga cikin iyalin Genoune / Kénouni na sharifai da suka yi tushe a yankin Ouezzane, iyali da aka daɗe ana danganta su da daraja, ilimi da tsoron Allah. Haihuwa da Tarbiyya An haife shi a ranar 23 Shaʿban 1378 bayan Hijira / 3 ga Maris, 1959 miladiyya a Ben Slimane, kusa da Casablanca. Ya shafe wani ɓangare na yarintarsa a Tetouan, inda ya koyi karatu da rubutu kuma ya haddace Alƙur’ani bisa riwayar Warsh daga Nafiʿ. Daga baya iyalinsu suka koma Rabat, inda ya bi matakan karatunsa na farko, na sakandare da na jami’a cikin tsari mai kyau, har ya sami manyan digirgir a ilimomin Musulunci. Ya kuma yi karatu a Mauritaniya na kusan shekaru takwas, inda ya sami ƙarin takardun ilimi masu zurfi kuma ya ƙarfafa ginin iliminsa. Wannan ya ba shi faɗaɗɗen horo a ilimomin Musulunci, ruhaniya, al’adar rubutun hannu da ilimin gargajiya. Malamansa da Dangantakarsa da Hanyar Tijaniyya Ya shiga hanyar Tijaniyya a shekara ta 1974 yana da shekaru 15, ta hannun sharifi faqihi Sidi Mohammed ben Abdallah, muqaddamin zawiyar Tijaniyya a Rabat. Ana yawan ambaton wata alama mai ma’ana: sunansa shi ne na ƙarshe da aka rubuta a cikin kundin da wannan shaykhin yake rubuta sunayen waɗanda suka karɓi wird daga hannunsa. Daga baya ya kulla kusanci da manyan malaman Tijaniyya da muqaddamai da dama, ciki har da: • Sidi Haj Mohammed Zerhouni, limamin zawiyar Tijaniyya a Rabat kusa da maqbarar Sidi Mohammed al-ʿArabi ben al-Sa’ih• Sidi Ahmad al-Shiyadmi• Sidi Haj Lhsen al-Fatwaqi, wanda ya yi masa hidima kuma ya raka shi shekaru da dama• Moulay Hassan al-Kattiri, ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen da suka kai ga kamala ta ruhaniya a zamaninsa• Sidi Mohammed ben al-Mamoun al-Sibaʿi a Safi• Sidi Abdelqader ben Sidi al-Mahjoub al-Shuʿaybi al-ʿAbdi• Sidi Haj Mohammed Aqsbi• Sidi Mohammed al-ʿOmrati Saboda haka dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya ba ta tsaya ga karɓa kawai ba. Ta ginu ne a kan sahabbanci, tarbiyyar ruhaniya, isarwa kai tsaye da kuma tsawon zama tare da manyan mutanen hanya. Halayensa da Siffarsa ta Ilimi Waɗanda suka san shi sun ga a cikinsa mutum mai yalwar ilimi, juriyya, tsanani a ruhaniya, faɗaɗɗen tunani da kuma ƙwazo mai ƙarfi. Ahmad ben Abdallah Skiredj ya bayyana shi a matsayin mutum mai cike da kuzari a tunani da aiki, mai buɗaɗɗen zuciya ga sababbin ra’ayoyi, har ma mai yaba kayan aikin fasaha na zamani idan suna taimaka wa ilimi da adanawa. Ya kuma fuskanci suka, rashin fahimta da hassada daga wasu ɓangarori, amma duk da haka ya ci gaba da aikinsa ba tare da ya bar babban manufofinsa na ilimi ba. Ta wannan fuska, ya bayyana a matsayin mutum na hidima, juriyya da aminci ga gādo. Rawar da Ya Taka Wajen Farfaɗo da Gādon Sidi Ahmad Skiredj Daya daga cikin muhimman fannoni na aikin rayuwarsa shi ne muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka a zamaninmu wajen farfaɗo da gādon Sidi Ahmad Skiredj. Bai tsaya kawai ga adana rubuce-rubucen hannu ba; a’a, ya nemo su, ya tsara su, ya nazarce su, ya gyara su, ya buga su, kuma ya gabatar da su ga malamai da masu karatu. A lokuta da dama, wannan aiki ya haɗa da mu’amala da rubuce-rubucen da shekaru, sakaci, danshi ko kwari suka lalata. Saboda haka, ya kamata a fahimci gudummawarsa a matsayin ainihin aiki na kiyaye ilimi da ruhaniya. Ayyukansa Farfesa Sidi Mohamed Radi Genoune ya rubuta ayyuka sama da 160, ciki har da: • bugun nazari mai inganci• sharhuna• nazarce-nazarce na asali da ya rubuta da kansa• bincike na tarihi da ruhaniya• ayyuka kan hanyar Tijaniyya• tsarawa da lissafa rubuce-rubucen hannu da kiyaye gādo Wannan yawan aiki yana nuna yalwar iliminsa, faɗin karatunsa da zurfin jajircewarsa a hidimar ilimi da ruhaniya mai ɗorewa. Kammalawa Farfesa Sidi Mohamed Radi Genoune al-Idrissi al-Hassani ya tsaya a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen zamaninmu wajen kiyaye da isar da gādon Maroko da na Tijaniyya. Jikan asali mai daraja ne, an horar da shi a ilimomin Musulunci, yana da zurfin tushe a hanyar Tijaniyya, kuma yana da yawan aiki na musamman a matsayin marubuci da mai gyara matani. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cetowa da farfaɗo da babban ɓangare na gādon Sidi Ahmad Skiredj da kuma samar da shi ga ƙarnuka na gaba.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Mohamed Ben Ahmed Akensous, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Mohamed Ben Ahmed Ben Sidi Mohamed Ben Younes Ben Mas‘oud al-Kansousi al-Qurashi al-Ja‘fari, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman Maroko na ƙarni na goma sha tara, kuma ɗaya daga cikin jagororin Tijaniyya. Masanin fikihu ne, marubucin adabi, masanin tarihi, masani a nazarin matani, kuma ɗan siyasa. Ya yi fice saboda yalwar iliminsa da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka wajen kare hanyar Tijaniyya. Rayuwar Farko da Asali An haife shi a ƙabilar Tinmart da ke yankin Souss a shekara ta 1211 bayan Hijira / 1796–1797 miladiyya. Asalinsa yana komawa zuwa Ja‘far ɗan Abi Talib, ɗan uwan Annabi, shi ya sa ake masa nisba da al-Qurashi al-Ja‘fari. Saboda haka ya kasance daga gida mai daraja, wanda aka sani da matsayi a al’umma da kuma gādon ilimi. Karatu Ya fara karatunsa a zawiyar Nasiriyya a Tamgroute, inda ya haddace Alƙur’ani da manyan matani na asali. Daga baya ya yi tafiya zuwa Fas a shekara ta 1229 bayan Hijira domin ci gaba da karatu a Al-Qarawiyyine. A Fas, ya yi karatu a hannun wasu daga cikin manyan malamai da fuqahā’un birnin. Ya zauna a makarantar Saffarine, kuma daga cikin bayanan da aka adana game da zaman nasa a can akwai cewa ɗakinsa yana kusa da ɗakin da al-Jazouli, marubucin Dala’il al-Khayrat, ya taɓa zama. Ya ci gaba da gina iliminsa a Al-Qarawiyyine har zuwa shekara ta 1234 bayan Hijira, yana sadaukar da kansa gaba ɗaya ga karatu da ƙara zurfin fahimta. Aikin Jama’a A shekara ta 1234 bayan Hijira, Sultan Moulay Slimane ya kira shi ya kuma naɗa shi da farko a matsayin sakatari, sannan ya mai da shi minista a shekara ta 1235 bayan Hijira, alhali yana da shekaru 24 kacal. Ya ci gaba a wannan matsayi na tsawon shekaru uku kafin ya bar shi da kansa a shekara ta 1238 bayan Hijira, jim kaɗan bayan hawa mulkin Sultan Moulay Abd ar-Rahman ben Hisham. Wannan mataki na rayuwarsa yana nuna matsayinsa na ilimi da kuma muhimmancinsa a harkokin gudanarwar Maroko. Ayyuka Sidi Mohamed Akensous ya rubuta ayyuka da dama a tarihi, adabi, ilimin harshe, fikihu da muhawarar ilimi. Daga cikin sanannun rubuce-rubucensa akwai: • Al-Jaysh al-‘Aramram al-Khumasi fi Dawlat Awlad Mawlana ‘Ali as-Sijilmasi• Al-Jawab al-Muskit – martani ga waɗanda suka soki hanyar Tijaniyya ba tare da isasshen sani ba• Al-Hulal az-Zanjafuriyya• diwanu na waƙa da aka tsara bisa jerin haruffa• wani aiki a kan asalin zuriyar ‘ya’yan Ibn Idris• Al-Ajwiba at-Tunusiyya• Tashih al-Ghayth alladhi Insajama fi Sharh Lamiyyat al-‘Ajam• Al-Maqama al-Kansousiyya• wani risala a kan ilimin kimiyyan al-kimiya• wasiƙunsa zuwa ga minista Mohamed Ben al-Arabi al-Jam‘i• Khama’il al-Ward wan-Nisrin• Husam al-Intisar• Sharh Qasidat az-Zayyani• Al-Badi‘ fi ‘Ilm at-Ta‘dil• Tahqiq al-Qamus al-Muhit na al-Fayruzabadi Aikinsa a kan Al-Qamus al-Muhit yana da muhimmanci ta musamman. Ya kwatanta matanin da kusan kwafe hamsin na amintattun rubutun hannu a cikin wani babban aikin bincike na lafuzzan harshe, wanda ya ɗauki sama da shekaru biyu, kuma aka kammala shi a shekara ta 1271 bayan Hijira / 1854 miladiyya. Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya Sidi Mohamed Akensous ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman Tijaniyya. Silsilarsa a cikin ɗarikar ta wuce ta hannun manyan jagorori huɗu: • Sidi Mohamed al-Ghali Abu Talib al-Hassani al-Idrissi• Sidi Mohamed (Fathan) Ben Abi an-Nasr al-‘Alawi as-Sijilmasi• Sidi Abdelwahab Ben at-Taoudi al-Fassi, wanda ake kira Ibn al-Ahmar• Sidi at-Tayyib Ben Mohamed as-Sufyani Dukansu huɗu sun karɓa kai tsaye daga Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, kuma suna daga cikin mafi kusancin almajiransa. Dalilin Shigarsa Hanyar Tijaniyya Shi da kansa ya bayyana cewa ya shiga hanyar Tijaniyya ne bayan ya ji a Fas game da girman falalar da Allah ya tanada wa mutanen wannan hanya, kuma bayan ya fahimci cewa ana gabatar da ita a matsayin hanyar tsantsar falalar Allah a wani zamani da mutane ba su ƙara iya riƙe cikakkiyar tarbiyyar ruhaniya ta mutanen farko ba. Ya kuma ba da labarin irin tasirin da waliyyi mai jadhaba Sidi Ahmed al-Ghiwan ya yi a kansa, wanda ya dinga ƙarfafa shi ya shiga hanyar ma’rifar ruhaniya. Daga ƙarshe, an kai shi zuwa zawiyar Tijaniyya a ranar Juma’a, kuma da zarar ya shiga sai ya ji wani layi na waƙar ruhaniya wanda ya girgiza shi ƙwarai, ya kuma zama farkon shigarsa hanya cikin hukunci. Siffarsa ta Ilimi da Ruhaniya Sidi Mohamed Akensous ya haɗa fikihu, adabi, binciken lafuzzan harshe, tarihi, hidimar jama’a da kuma tarbiyyar ruhaniya. Saboda haka yana wakiltar cikakkiyar siffa: malami, ɗan siyasa, kuma mutum mai zurfin tushe a al’adar tasawwufi. Rasuwa Ya rasu a daren Talata, 28 Muharram 1294 bayan Hijira, kuma an binne shi a Marrakech, a wajen Bab ar-Robb, kusa da maqbarar Abu al-Qasim as-Suhayli. Yana da shekaru 83 a lokacin rasuwarsa. Rasuwarsa ta zo kusan daidai bayan kwana arba’in kacal da rasuwar abokinsa kuma sahabinsa a hanya, Sidi Mohamed Belqassem Basri al-Meknassi, domin kwanaki 36 ne kawai suka raba rasuwarsu. Gādo Sidi Mohamed Akensous ya bar babban gādon ilimi, adabi, tarihi da ruhaniya. Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan fitattun mutanen Maroko da suka iya haɗa ilimi, hidimar jama’a, kare akida da kuma zurfin riƙon al’adar Tijaniyya.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Mohamed Ibn Mashri, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Mohamed Ben Mohamed Ben al-Mashri al-Hassani as-Sa’ihi as-Seba‘i, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan fitattun mutanen farko na al’adar Tijaniyya, kuma ɗaya daga cikin almajiran Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī mafi fice. Malami ne, jagoran ruhaniya, masanin fikihu, kuma mai isar da ilimi. Ya yi suna saboda yalwar iliminsa, zurfin tarbiyyarsa ta ciki, da kuma matsayi na musamman da yake da shi a cikin mafi kusancin sahabban wanda ya kafa ɗarikar. Rayuwar Farko da Asali An haife shi a Takrit, wani wuri a yankin Constantine da ke arewa maso gabashin Aljeriya. Ba a san takamaiman shekarar haihuwarsa ba, amma majiyoyi suna sanya shi a tsakiyar ƙarni na goma sha biyu bayan Hijira, domin yana daga zamani ɗaya da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, kuma shekaru kaɗan ne kawai tsakaninsu. Ya fito ne daga gida mai daraja da girma, mai alaƙa da zuriyar Awlad al-Sa’ih al-Seba‘iyyin, wato gida da aka sani da dangantaka da Annabi, albarka ta gado, da kuma karfin matsayi na ilimi da ruhaniya a cikin muhallinsu. Halayya da Siffofi An san Sidi Mohamed Ibn Mashri da kyakkyawar ɗabi’a, kamala a bayyanar sa, natsuwa da ƙarfin hali na ɗabi’a. Ya kasance mai karamci, mai haske a fuska, mai yawan annashuwa ta gari, kuma mai tsayawa sosai a kan gaskiya. Ya nisanci masu dukiya da iko, bai nuna sha’awa ga martabar duniya ba, kuma ya ƙi gulma da ƙarya sosai. Ana kuma tuna shi da gaskiya, ladabi mai kyau, magana cikin natsuwa, ƙauna ga dalibansa da sahabbansa, da kuma jaruntaka wajen umarni da alheri da hani daga mummuna. Karatu An adana bayanai kaɗan ne kawai game da karatunsa na farko, amma majiyoyi suna nuna kaifin basirarsa, ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwarsa, da son ilimi tun yana ƙarami. Ya haddace Alƙur’ani a samartakarsa, sannan ya shiga zurfin karatu da himma da tsari. Ya yi fice a fikihu, hadisi, shari’o’i, tauhidi, tarihin rayuwar Annabi da tarihi, har ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman yankinsa. Amma wani babban ɓangare na tarbiyyarsa ya samu ne ta hannun Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, wanda a gare shi ya kasance malami, jagora, mai tarbiyya, kuma sahabi. Ganawarsa da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī Ya haɗu da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī a Tlemcen a shekara ta 1188 bayan Hijira, lokacin da shaykhin yake dawowa daga tafiyarsa mai albarka zuwa Hijaz. A lokacin wannan ganawa, shaykhin ya koyar da shi zikrori na hanyar Khalwati ta silsilarsa daga Sidi Mahmoud al-Kurdi, sannan ya ba shi wasu addu’o’i da asiran ruhaniya. Wannan ganawa ta zama babban juyin juya hali a rayuwarsa. Shi kansa Ibn Mashri ya ɗauki wannan a matsayin mafi girman sauyi da ya taɓa samu, yana cewa bai fara fahimtar haƙiƙanin ilimomin zahiri da na baɗini ba sai bayan haɗuwarsa da shaykhin. Matsayinsa a wajen Shaykh Sidi Mohamed Ibn Mashri ya kasance cikin manyan almajiran Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī. Shaykhin yana girmama shi ƙwarai, yana yaba iliminsa, tarbiyyarsa, tsayuwarsa a kan madaidaiciya hanya da kyawawan halayensa, kuma yana nuna masa kulawa ta musamman da ƙauna. Mafi muhimmanci, Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī ya naɗa shi ya riƙa jagorantar masa sallah a sallolin farilla biyar daga shekara ta 1197 bayan Hijira zuwa 1208 bayan Hijira, abin da ke nuna amincewa da daraja ta musamman. Ya kuma raka shaykhin a tafiyarsa zuwa Fas, kuma sahabbancinsu ya ci gaba tsawon shekaru da dama cikin kusanci na musamman. Zuhudu da Karimci Ibn Mashri ya yi suna sosai saboda zuhudu, nisantar duniya da dogaro ga Allah. Bai taɓa yin aure ba, bai gina gida ba, kuma bai tara dukiya ba. Ya nisanci masu tasirin siyasa, kuma bai nuna sha’awa ga darajar duniya ba. A lokaci guda kuma, ya kasance mai matuƙar karamci. Ya taimaki talakawa, ya tallafa wa masu buƙata, kuma ya kan bayar da duk abin da yake da shi. Rayuwarsa ta zama abin koyi na sadaukarwa, kamewa da dogaro na gaskiya ga Allah. Hanyar Ruhaniya Tasawwufi ya riga ya kasance cikin gādon iyalinsa, amma ganawarsa da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī ta ba wannan ɓangare sabon zurfi mai bayyana rayuwarsa. Daga wannan lokaci, ya sadaukar da kansa ga mujahada, khalwa, tsarkake rai da kuma kaiwa ga haƙiƙar ciki. Ta haka ne ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen da suka kai ga kamala a hanyar Tijaniyya, wanda aka san shi da tsanani a hanya, fahimta mai zurfi da matsayi mai ɗaukaka na ruhaniya. Barinsa Fas zuwa Gabashin Sahara Barinsa Fas zuwa yankin gabashin Sahara an fahimce shi a cikin majiyoyin Tijaniyya a matsayin abin da ya samo asali daga dalilai masu zurfi na ruhaniya, ba wai daga yanayi na zahiri kawai ba. Bisa ga al’ada, wannan hijira ta faru ne bisa umarnin shaykhinsa, kuma tana da alaƙa da halin ruhaniyarsa da kuma buɗe-buɗen da aka yi masa. Wasu manyan marubutan Tijaniyya sun adana wannan fassara, suna jaddada ma’anar ciki da ta tanadin Ubangiji da ke tattare da tafiyarsa. Ayyuka Sidi Mohamed Ibn Mashri ya rubuta muhimman ayyuka da dama, ciki har da: • Al-Jami‘ lima Iftaraqa min Durar al-‘Ulum al-Fa’ida min Bihar al-Qutb al-Maktum• Rawd al-Muhibb al-Fani fima Talaqqaynahu min Abi al-‘Abbas at-Tijani• Nusrat ash-Shurafa’ fi ar-Radd ‘ala Ahl al-Jafa’• Taqyid fi Salat al-Fatih Lima Ughliqa• Sharh Yaqutat al-Muhtaj fi as-Salat ‘ala Sahib al-Liwa’ wat-Taj Waɗannan rubuce-rubuce suna nuna zurfin alaƙarsa da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka wajen adanawa da isar da gādon ilimi da ruhaniya na hanya. Rasuwa Bayan ya bar Fas zuwa Ain Madhi, bai yi tsawon zama a can ba, kusan shekara ɗaya kacal. Bayan rashin lafiya, rabuwa da kuma tsananin kewar shaykhinsa sun raunana shi, sai ya rasu a ranar Litinin, 1 Dhu al-Qa‘da 1224 bayan Hijira. Rasuwarsa ta jawo baƙin ciki mai zurfi a cikin mutanen hanyar Tijaniyya, musamman ga Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī kansa, wanda ya aika wasiƙar ta’aziyya zuwa ga iyalinsa, abin da ya nuna irin ƙauna da girman da yake yi masa. Gādo Sidi Mohamed Ibn Mashri ya bar babban gādo a tarihin farkon Tijaniyya. Ana tuna shi saboda aminci ga shaykhin, ƙwarewa a ilimomin addini, zuhudu, karamci da zurfi a rayuwar ruhaniya. Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan fitattun mutanen farkon da’irar Tijaniyya.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Mohamed Lahjouji (1880–1951) ya kasance mashahurin malamin Maroko, ƙwararren masani a hadisi, masanin fikihu kuma jagoran tasawwufi. An san shi sosai saboda gudummawarsa a ilimomin Musulunci, musamman a fannin hadisi, fikihu da rubuce-rubucen tasawwufi. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Fas a watan Agusta na shekara ta 1880 (1297 bayan Hijira), cikin gida da ya yi fice wajen ilimi, ibada da jagorancin ruhaniya. Ya haddace Alƙur’ani tun yana ƙarami kafin ya ci gaba da zurfafa karatu a shahararriyar Jami’ar Al-Qarawiyyine. Karatu A Al-Qarawiyyine, ya yi karatu a hannun manyan malamai da dama, ciki har da: • Sidi Mohamed Kannon• Abdelmalek Al-Alawi Ad-Darir• Ahmed Ben Al-Khayyat• Mohamed Al-Qadiri• Mohamed Ben Jaafar Al-Kettani Ya yi suna musamman saboda ƙwarewarsa a ilimin hadisi da rubuce-rubucen tarihin malamai. Ayyuka Sidi Mohamed Lahjouji ya rubuta littattafai sama da ɗari, waɗanda suka shafi fannoni daban-daban na ilimomin Musulunci, ciki har da hadisi, fikihu, tasawwufi, tafsirin Alƙur’ani da adabi. Daga cikin muhimman ayyukansa akwai: • Fath al-Malik al-Allam – tarihin malaman Tijaniyya (juzu’i 2)• Ithaf Ahl al-Maratib al-Irfaniyya – tarihin mashayakhan Tijaniyya (juzu’i 8)• Tadhkirat al-Mustarshidin – sharhi a kan littafin masu ruwaya marasa ƙarfi• Sulafat as-Safa fi Tarajim Rijal ash-Shifa• Fath al-Qadir – sharhi a kan Tarikh al-Saghir Matsayinsa a cikin Tijaniyya Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan jagororin ɗarikar Tijaniyya a zamaninsa, kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rubuta tarihin rayuwa da koyarwar malamanta. Rasuwa Ya shafe shekaru 17 na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa a Demnate, inda ya ci gaba da koyarwa da rubuce-rubuce. Ya rasu a ranar 11 ga Maris, 1951, ya bar babban gādon ilimi da ruhaniya.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Mohamed Larbi Ben Sayeh (1814–1892), wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Mohamed al-Arabi Ben Mohamed Ben Sayeh ash-Sharqawi al-Omari, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan fitattun malamai da jagororin ruhaniya na Maroko a ƙarni na goma sha tara. Masanin fikihu ne, masanin hadisi, mai tafsirin Alƙur’ani, marubucin adabi kuma malamin tasawwufi. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin sanannun wakilan Ahmadiyya Tijaniyya a Maroko. Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Meknes da asubahin ranar Idi Babba, a shekara ta 1229 bayan Hijira / 22 ga Nuwamba, 1814. Mahaifinsa, Sidi Mohamed Ben Sayeh, yana da shekaru saba’in da shida a lokacin haihuwarsa, sannan daga baya ya rasu yana da shekaru casa’in da shida, yana barinsa yana matashi. Shi ne ɗan kaɗai na mahaifinsa. A cikin rubuce-rubucen tarihinsa an ambata cewa mahaifinsa ya daɗe yana roƙon Allah ya ba shi ɗa namiji wanda zai gaji iliminsa da gādonsa na ruhaniya, lamarin da ya sa haihuwarsa ta zama mai matuƙar muhimmanci a tarihin iyalinsu. Karatu Ya yi karatu a hannun manyan malaman Maroko da dama na zamaninsa, ciki har da: • Al-Walid al-Iraqi al-Husayni• Abdelkader al-Kouhen• Al-Hadi Ben ash-Shafii al-Meknassi, wanda ake kira Baddou• da sauran fitattun malamai Ya yi suna saboda ƙwarewarsa a fikihu, hadisi, tafsirin Alƙur’ani da adabi, tare da kuma sanannen matsayinsa a fannin tasawwufi. Ayyuka Sidi Mohamed Larbi Ben Sayeh ya rubuta muhimman ayyuka da dama a fannonin sharhi, ibada, tafsiri da koyarwar ruhaniya. Daga cikin sanannun rubuce-rubucensa akwai: • Bughyat al-Mustafid li Sharh Munyat al-Murid• Sharh Lamiyyat al-Busiri• Sharh Salat al-Fatih Lima Ughliqa• Ta‘liq ‘ala al-Hamziyya• Ta‘liq ‘ala Burdat al-Madih lil-Busiri• Sharh al-Qasida al-Khazrajiyya• Ta‘liq ‘ala ash-Shama’il at-Tirmidhiyya• Turar ‘ala Sharh an-Nawawi ‘ala al-Arba‘in an-Nawawiyya• Tafsirin “Wa ma kana Allahu li yu‘adhibahum wa anta fihim”• Kitab as-Sa‘ada al-Abadiyya fi al-Adhkar at-Tijaniyya al-Ahmadiyya• Rihla ‘Ajiba• da kuma karatuttuka cikakku da dama na Sahih al-Bukhari Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan jagororin Tijaniyya a Maroko. A cikin madogararsa, dangantakarsa da ɗarikar tana da alaƙa da wata ƙwarewar ruhaniya mai ƙarfi. Saboda tsananin ƙaunarsa ga salati ga Annabi, yana fatan ganinsa a mafarki, an rawaito cewa ya yi wani gani inda mahaifinsa ya kai shi zuwa majalisar almajiran Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, ya kuma nuna masa cewa a can ne zai sami abin da yake nema. An kuma rawaito cewa ya sadu da mutane da yawa waɗanda suka san Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī da kansu, kuma suna girmama shi ƙwarai, suna kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin alamomin albarka na ɗarikar. Tasirin Ilimi da Ruhaniya Ya haɗa ilimin addini, riwayar hadisi, tafsirin Alƙur’ani da tarbiyyar ruhaniya. Zaman karatunsa na hadisi da majalisun koyarwarsa sun sa ya zama hukuma mai matuƙar daraja a rayuwar addini ta Maroko. Rasuwa Ya rasu a ƙarshen daren da ya gabaci Lahadi, da ƙarfe goma sha ɗaya na dare, a ranar 29 ga Rajab, 1309 bayan Hijira / 28 ga Fabrairu, 1892. Malam kuma alƙali Sidi Ahmed Bennani ar-Ribati ne ya jagoranci sallar jana’izarsa a Babban Masallacin Rabat, kuma an binne shi a cikin riyad ɗinsa, wato a wurin da ya saba gudanar da majalisun hadisi. Gādo Sidi Mohamed Larbi Ben Sayeh ya bar babban gādon ilimi da ruhaniya. Har yanzu ana tunawa da shi saboda iliminsa, ibadarsa da muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka wajen bunƙasa al’adar Tijaniyya a Maroko.

Sultan Moulay Abdelhafid Alaoui (1875–1937) ya kasance mai mulki na Maroko daga daular Alaouite, sannan kuma fitaccen malami, marubuci da mawaƙi. An haife shi a Fas a shekara ta 1875, ɗan Sultan Moulay Hassan I. Tun yana ƙarami ya sami ƙaƙƙarfan tarbiyya ta addini da ilimi. Ya haddace Alƙur’ani a yarintarsa kuma ya yi karatu a hannun fitattun malaman Maroko. Ta wannan tarbiyya ya yi suna wajen ƙwarewa a wasu fannoni na ilimomin Musulunci, ciki har da: • fikihun Musulunci• ilimin hadisi• tafsirin Alƙur’ani• balaga da adabin Larabci Masanin tarihin Maroko Abdelrahman Ibn Zidan ya bayyana shi da cewa “teku ne na ilimi a cikin ilimomin addini.” A shekara ta 1901, aka naɗa shi a matsayin wakilin ɗan’uwansa Sultan Moulay Abdelaziz a Marrakech. A cikin wani lokaci na rikicin siyasa da matsin lambar ƙasashen waje, aka ayyana shi Sultan na Maroko a shekara ta 1907. Mulkinsa ya gudana ne a wani mataki mai matuƙar muhimmanci a tarihin Maroko. Saboda rikice-rikicen cikin gida da karuwar tasirin Turai, aka tilasta masa rattaba hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Fas a shekara ta 1912, wadda ta kafa Protectorate na Faransa a Maroko. Jim kaɗan bayan haka ya sauka daga karagar mulki ya miƙa ta ga ɗan’uwansa Moulay Youssef, sannan ya tafi gudun hijira zuwa Turai. Duk da matsayinsa na siyasa, Moulay Abdelhafid ya kuma kasance marubuci mai yawan aiki. Ya rubuta ayyuka masu yawa a fannoni kamar shari’ar Musulunci, tauhidi, ilimin harshe, balaga da tasawwufi. Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai: • Al-Jami‘a al-‘Irfaniyya• Al-‘Adhb al-Salsabil fi Hall Alfaz Khalil• Yaqutat al-Hukkam• Nayl al-Najah wa al-Falah• Tuhfat al-Ikhwan• diwansa na waƙoƙin Malhoun An kuma san shi da waƙoƙin addini, musamman waƙoƙin yabon Annabi Muhammad. Sultan Moulay Abdelhafid ya rasu a Paris ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 1937. Daga baya aka dawo da gawarsa zuwa Maroko kuma aka binne shi a Fas. Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan mutane a tarihin Maroko, ana tuna shi a matsayin shugaba na siyasa kuma malami da ya ba da gudummawa ga gādon Musulunci da adabi.

This figure is currently referenced in the heritage catalog as an author or related personality within the Tijani corpus. A fuller biographical notice will be added after editorial verification of manuscript and printed sources.

Tarihin Rayuwa Sidi Omar Fouti, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi al-Hajj Omar Ben Sa‘id al-Fouti, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan fitattun mutanen Tijaniyya a Afirka ta Yamma. Ya kasance a lokaci guda malami, jagoran ruhaniya, mai wa’azi, mai gyara al’umma, shugaba da mayaƙi, kuma ya bar babban tasiri a tarihin Musulunci na Senegal, Fouta Toro, Fouta Djallon, Najeriya da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma. Asali Asalinsa yana komawa ga Sahabi ‘Uqba ibn ‘Amir, kuma ta wurinsa zuwa Murra ibn Ka‘b, ɗaya daga cikin kakannin Annabi. Wannan asali mai daraja ya ba shi babban matsayi na addini da zamantakewa a wajen mutanen Fouta da al’ummomin da ke kewaye da ita. Haihuwa da Rayuwar Farko An haife shi a Halwar, kusa da Podor, a yankin Fouta Toro da ke arewacin Senegal, jim kaɗan kafin fitowar alfijir ranar Laraba, 23 Sha‘ban 1213 bayan Hijira / 30 ga Janairu, 1799 miladiyya. Mahaifinsa, Sa‘id Ben Othman, ya kasance faqihi mai tsoron Allah da zuhudu, mahaifiyarsa kuma ita ce Adma, ‘yar Imam Siri Demba. Saboda haka ya taso ne a cikin muhalli na ilimi, addini da tarbiyya. Majiyoyi suna kuma adana ruwayoyi game da wasu alamu na musamman da suka kewaye yarintarsa. Karatu Yana da shekara biyar, mahaifinsa ya kai shi makarantar Alƙur’ani ta Qura Hamad a Halwar. Ya haddace Alƙur’ani yana da shekara takwas, kuma alamun ƙwarewa ta musamman sun fara bayyana tun a karatunsa na farko. Daga baya ya gyara karatunsa a hannun ɗan’uwansa babba Ahmed, sannan ya ci gaba da karatu a Derbas, inda ya koyi harshe, fikihu, nahawu da ilimomin da suke da alaƙa da su a hannun Basmur al-Amir Ben Abdallah. Bayan haka ya yi karatu a wata makaranta a hannun wani malami mai suna Ahmed Hilm, inda ya koyi arud, muhimman matanin karatu da fikihu, ciki har da Mukhtasar Khalil. Don haka, ginin iliminsa ya kasance mai faɗi, mai tsari, kuma mai zurfin tushe a al’adun ilimi na Afirka ta Yamma. Shigarsa Hanyar Tijaniyya Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na zahiri, ya fara jin ƙaƙƙarfan buri ga ilimomin ruhaniya, tarbiyyar rai da hanyar horar da ciki. A wannan lokaci ne ya haɗu da muqaddam Sidi Abdelkarim an-Naqil al-Foutajalli at-Tinbawi a shekara ta 1239 bayan Hijira / 1824 miladiyya, ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman Fouta Djallon. Ya zauna tare da shi fiye da shekara guda, kuma ya karɓi daga gare shi asasin zikrori na Tijaniyya, musamman wird, wazifa, zikrin yammacin Juma’a da Hizb as-Sayfi. Wannan ne ya kasance farkon tarbiyyarsa ta gaskiya a hanya. Tafiya Zuwa Ƙasashe Masu Tsarki Tun farko ya yi niyyar tafiya hajji tare da malaminsa Abdelkarim, amma wasu dalilai suka hana hakan. Saboda haka sai ya tafi shi kaɗai a kusan shekara ta 1240 bayan Hijira / 1825 miladiyya, bayan ya shirya tafiyar kuma ya yi bankwana da iyalinsa. Wannan tafiya ta ƙara girma a mahimmanci lokacin da ya ji cewa babban khalifa Sidi Mohamed al-Ghali Abu Talib yana zaune a Makka. Da isowarsa, bayan ya kammala ayyukan isowa, ya haɗu da shi kusa da Maqam Ibrahim bayan sallar la’asar. Khalifan ya tarbe shi da fara’a, kuma nan take ya ba shi kwafin Jawahir al-Ma‘ani. Ganawarsu ta farko ta faru ne a farkon Dhu al-Hijja 1241 bayan Hijira / 1826 miladiyya. Zamansa Tare da Sidi Mohamed al-Ghali Bayan ya kammala aikin hajji, ya tafi tare da shi zuwa Madina, inda ya zauna a cikin sahabbancinsa. Ya yi masa hidima na kusan shekaru uku, yana miƙa kansa da dukiyarsa gaba ɗaya ga jagorancinsa. A wannan lokaci ne ya sabunta shigarsa, ya karɓi zikrori da asiran ruhaniya, kuma aka ɗaga shi zuwa babban matsayi na musamman. Malaminsa ya ce masa a cikin Masallacin Annabi: “Muna naɗa mutane a matsayin muqaddamai wajen isar da wird. Amma kai khalifa ne cikin khalifofin shaykhin, ba kawai muqaddami ba.” Wannan yana daga cikin manyan alamu mafi muhimmanci na matsayinsa a cikin silsilar Tijaniyya. Masar da Kudus A kusan shekara ta 1245 bayan Hijira, ya bar malaminsa ya tafi Alƙahira, sannan Falasdinu, inda ya zauna a Kudus na tsawon watanni bakwai tare da ɗan’uwansa Ali Ben Sa‘id. A lokacin wannan zama, da izinin Allah, ya warkar da ‘yar mai mulkin Kudus daga wata mummunar cuta da ta kusa kai ta ga mutuwa. Labarin wannan ya bazu sosai, sai mutane suka fara tururuwa zuwa gare shi. Wasu malamai, saboda hassada, suka gwada shi da tambayoyi masu wuya a ilimomin naqli da aqli. Sai ya amsa da hikima, natsuwa da ƙarfin tunani har suka amince da fifikonsa, suka ba da uzuri, har ma suka gabatar da shi ya jagoranci sallah da huɗubar Juma’a a Kudus. Dawowarsa Afirka da Aikinsa na Addini Ya koma ƙasarsa a kusan shekara ta 1254 bayan Hijira / 1838 miladiyya, sannan ya yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashen Hausa a Najeriya, inda ya zauna kusan shekaru bakwai tare da Mohamed Ben Othman Foudi. Daga baya ya koma Fouta Djallon na tsawon shekaru huɗu, sannan ya tafi Fouta Toro, inda ya fara babban aiki na kira zuwa ga Allah da Manzonsa. Manyan malamai suka amsa kiran nasa, kuma ƙungiyoyi masu yawa na waɗanda ba Musulmi ba suka shiga Musulunci ta hanyar wa’azinsa. Gwaggwarmaya da Jihadi Yaɗuwar aikinsa ta kawo shi fuska da fuska da rundunonin mushrikai da maƙiya. Ya jagoranci manyan yaƙe-yaƙe, ya sami manyan nasarori, kuma ya ci gaba da gwagwarmayarsa da bautar gumaka da ƙin Musulunci na tsawon sama da shekaru goma sha biyu. Daga ƙarshe an kashe shi shahidi a Degembéré ranar 3 Ramadan 1280 bayan Hijira / 12 ga Fabrairu, 1864 miladiyya, yana da kusan shekara saba’in. Ayyuka Sidi Omar Fouti ya bar ayyuka sama da arba’in, ciki har da: • Rimah Hizb ar-Rahim ‘ala Nuhur Hizb ar-Rajim• Suyuf as-Sa‘id al-Mu‘taqid fi Ahl Allah ka-t-Tijani• Safinat as-Sa‘ada• An-Nush al-Mubin• Al-Maqasid as-Saniyya• Tadhkirat al-Ghafilin• Tadhkirat al-Mustarshidin• Kasb al-Faqir fi Madh an-Nabi al-Bashir• Al-Ajwiba al-Fiqhiyya• Sharh Salat Jawharat al-Kamal• Sharh Salat Yaqutat al-Haqa’iq• Risala fi Adab al-Murid• Taqyid fi Khawass Hizb as-Sayfi• Manzuma fi Islah Dhat al-Bayn• Manzuma fi ‘Ilm at-Tawhid• Lamiyyat at-Tullab• Hidayat al-Mudhnibin Daga cikin waɗannan duka, Rimah ne ya fi shahara ƙwarai. Dakunan Karatunsa Majiyoyi suna ambaton kasancewar wata babbar ɗakin karatu ta Umariyya, wanda yawancin abin da ke ciki hukumomin mulkin mallakar Faransa suka kwace bayan kama Ségou a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1890. Akwatuna huɗu na rubuce-rubucen hannu aka aika zuwa Paris, sannan daga baya aka mayar da su a shekara ta 1892 zuwa National Library na Faransa. An ce tarin ya ƙunshi sunayen rubuce-rubuce sama da ɗari biyar, abin da ke nuna girman gādonsa na ilimi. Martabarsa a Wajen Malamai Malamai da dama daga Maroko, Mauritaniya da Afirka ta Yamma sun yabi Sidi Omar Fouti a cikin wasiƙu, waƙoƙi da rubuce-rubucen tarihin rayuwa. Sun bayyana shi da cewa: • Amir na Muminai• mai kare gaskiya• mai farfaɗo da hanya• mutum mai haɗa jihadi na zahiri da kamala ta ciki• shugaba wanda zamaninsa bai haifi kwatankwacinsa ba Wasu ma sun ce da ace littattafai sun ɓace daga duniya, da zai iya sake faɗa da yawa daga cikinsu daga ƙwaƙwalwarsa. Gādo Sidi Omar Fouti ya bar gādo mai girma a wa’azi, tarbiyyar ruhaniya, jihadi, koyarwa da rubuce-rubuce. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaɗa hanyar Tijaniyya a faɗin Afirka ta Yamma, kuma ya tsaya a matsayin cikakken misali na malami-jagora, mai gyara al’umma, kuma jagoran ruhaniya. Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan mutane mafi girma a tarihin Musulunci na Afirka ta Yamma, kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan sunaye a al’adar Tijaniyya.