Sidi M’hammed Guennūn, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi M’hammed Ben Mohamed Ben Abdessalam Guennūn al-Hassani al-Idrissi, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman Fas kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen Tijaniyya a zamaninsa. Ya yi suna saboda ƙwaƙwalwarsa ta ban mamaki, ƙwarewarsa a ilimomin addini, da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka wajen farfaɗo da koyarwar ilimi mai zurfi a Al-Qarawiyyine.

Rayuwar Farko

An haife shi a Fas a shekara ta 1270 bayan Hijira. A can ya haddace Alƙur’ani tun yana ƙarami, sannan ya sadaukar da kansa gaba ɗaya ga neman ilimi. Tun daga farko ya nuna baiwar basira mai ban mamaki, wadda daga baya ta sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin malamai mafi girma a zamaninsa.

Karatu

Ya yi karatu a hannun manyan malaman Al-Qarawiyyine da dama, ciki har da:

• Sidi Ahmed Bennani Kalla• Sidi Ahmed al-Alami• ɗan uwansa Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Madani Guennūn• Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Abbas al-Iraqi

Babban malaminsa shi ne Sidi Mohamed Ben al-Abbas al-Iraqi, wanda a hannunsa ya kammala wani muhimmin ɓangare na gina iliminsa.

Mutanen zamaninsa sun bayyana shi a matsayin masani mai daidaito da riƙon ilimi, wanda yake iya buɗe ma’anoni masu wahala cikin haske da fahimta.

Dangantakarsa da Tijaniyya

Sidi M’hammed Guennūn ya karɓi hanyar Tijaniyya daga hannun wasu daga cikin manyan jagororinta, ciki har da:

• Sidi Larbi Ben Sayeh• Sidi Ahmed Mahmoud ad-Dar‘i• Sidi Ahmed Ben Ahmed Bennani Kalla• da sauran mashayakhan da ke da izini

Ya shiga Tijaniyya a hukumance a shekara ta 1285 bayan Hijira / 1868 miladiyya, lokacin da bai wuce shekara goma sha biyar ba. Tun kafin wannan ma, ya kasance yana rakiyar mahaifinsa zuwa babbar zawiyar Tijaniyya domin halartar majalisar wazifa, abin da ke nuna cewa dangantakarsa da ɗarikar ta fara tun da wuri sosai.

Daga baya ya sami izinin isar da adhkar ɗinta, kuma wasu ruwayoyi suna cewa a ƙarshen rayuwarsa ya samu halaye na ruhaniya da ke nuna babban matsayi na ciki.

Koyarwa da Tasirin Ilimi

Bayan ya kammala karatunsa, ya fara koyarwa a Al-Qarawiyyine a shekara ta 1292 bayan Hijira / 1875 miladiyya, lokacin yana da shekaru 22 kacal. Da sauri ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan malamai masu koyarwa a Fas, yana tarbiyyar fitattun malamai, alƙalai, notaries, malamai masu koyarwa da limamai.

Daga cikin sanannun dalibansa akwai:

• Sidi Ahmed Skiredj• Sidi Mohamed Lahjouji• Sidi Hassan Mazzour• Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdelouahed an-Nadhifi• al-Fatimi ash-Charadi• Abdessalam Ben Mohamed Bennani• Mohamed Ben Abdallah ash-Chaouni• Mohamed al-Hajoui• Mohamed Ben Mohamed Bennani• Abdessalam al-Muhibb al-Alawi

Saboda ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwarsa da daidaitonsa na ban mamaki, wasu daga cikin dalibansa sun bayyana shi a matsayin babban mai haddar ilimi na zamaninsa.

Rawar da Ya Taka Wajen Farfaɗo da Ilimomi

Dalibinsa Mohamed al-Hajoui ya rubuta cewa ya farfaɗo da wasu ilimomi da suka raunana ko kuma kusan an manta da su. Daga cikin fannoni da ya taimaka wajen dawo da su akwai:

• tajwid• nazarin at-Talkhis tare da Sa‘d’s Mutawwal• koyar da tafsirin al-Baydawi

Wannan sabuntawa ya yi tasiri sosai a rayuwar ilimi ta Fas. Ko da yake daga baya an naɗa shi na ɗan lokaci a matsayin alƙali a Asfi, bai yi fiye da kusan shekara guda a can ba kafin ya nemi a sake shi domin ya koma koyarwa da yaɗa ilimi.

Ayyuka

Sidi M’hammed Guennūn ya bar ayyuka masu yawa a tasawwufi, hadisi, fikihu, balaga, mantik, tauhidi da muhawarar ilimi. Daga cikin sanannun rubuce-rubucensa akwai:

• Hall al-Aqfal fi Sharh Jawharat al-Kamal• Sharh Yaqutat al-Haqa’iq• Raf‘ al-‘Itab ‘amman mana‘ az-Ziyara min al-Ashab• Ad-Durr al-Manzum fi Nusrat al-Qutb al-Maktum• An-Nutq al-Mafhum fi Hall Mushkilat ad-Durr al-Manzum• Al-Ibana• Ithaf at-Talib fi Najat Abi Talib• Tahdhir al-Abrar min Mukhalatat al-Kuffar• Kashf al-Litham ‘an Hukm Dukhul al-Hammam• As-Sawa‘iq al-Mursala• Al-‘Iqd al-Farid• Tahqiq al-Qawl bi ‘Adam Islam Fir‘awn• Ar-Riyad al-Bahja• Hall ar-Rumuz• I‘lam ar-Rawi• da kuma manyan khatmas na ilimi a kan Sahih al-Bukhari, tafsiri, Mukhtasar Khalil da ash-Shifa’

Yawan waɗannan ayyuka da bambancin su suna nuna yalwar iliminsa da zurfin fahimtarsa.

Rasuwa

Ya rasu bayan sallar la’asar a ranar Juma’a, 28 Sha‘ban 1326 bayan Hijira / 24 ga Satumba, 1908.

An yi masa sallar jana’iza bayan sallar magariba a Ahmadi Tijani zawiya ta Fas, ƙarƙashin jagorancin dalibinsa Sidi Mohamed Ben Mohamed Bennani. An binne shi a maqbarar waliyyi nagari Sidi Abi Ghalib, a gefen hagu na ƙofar shiga kubbar.

Gādo

Rasuwarsa ta jawo baƙin ciki mai zurfi a Fas. Jama’a da yawa suka halarci jana’izarsa, kuma ruwayoyi suna nuna cewa manya da ƙanana duk sun nemi albarka ta wurinsa. An yi masa makoki a cikin waƙoƙi da dama, kuma dalibansa da takwarorinsa sun tuna shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu sabunta ilimi a zamaninsa.

Gādonsa yana ci gaba ta hannun dalibansa masu yawa, ilimomin da ya taimaka wajen farfaɗowa, da kuma manyan rubuce-rubucen da ya bari, waɗanda dukkansu ke tabbatar da matsayinsa a cikin manyan malaman zamaninsa.