ʿAbd al-Ḥafīẓ al-ʿAlawī

Sultan Moulay Abdelhafid Alaoui (1875–1937) ya kasance mai mulki na Maroko daga daular Alaouite, sannan kuma fitaccen malami, marubuci da mawaƙi.

An haife shi a Fas a shekara ta 1875, ɗan Sultan Moulay Hassan I. Tun yana ƙarami ya sami ƙaƙƙarfan tarbiyya ta addini da ilimi. Ya haddace Alƙur’ani a yarintarsa kuma ya yi karatu a hannun fitattun malaman Maroko.

Ta wannan tarbiyya ya yi suna wajen ƙwarewa a wasu fannoni na ilimomin Musulunci, ciki har da:

• fikihun Musulunci• ilimin hadisi• tafsirin Alƙur’ani• balaga da adabin Larabci

Masanin tarihin Maroko Abdelrahman Ibn Zidan ya bayyana shi da cewa “teku ne na ilimi a cikin ilimomin addini.”

A shekara ta 1901, aka naɗa shi a matsayin wakilin ɗan’uwansa Sultan Moulay Abdelaziz a Marrakech. A cikin wani lokaci na rikicin siyasa da matsin lambar ƙasashen waje, aka ayyana shi Sultan na Maroko a shekara ta 1907.

Mulkinsa ya gudana ne a wani mataki mai matuƙar muhimmanci a tarihin Maroko. Saboda rikice-rikicen cikin gida da karuwar tasirin Turai, aka tilasta masa rattaba hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Fas a shekara ta 1912, wadda ta kafa Protectorate na Faransa a Maroko. Jim kaɗan bayan haka ya sauka daga karagar mulki ya miƙa ta ga ɗan’uwansa Moulay Youssef, sannan ya tafi gudun hijira zuwa Turai.

Duk da matsayinsa na siyasa, Moulay Abdelhafid ya kuma kasance marubuci mai yawan aiki. Ya rubuta ayyuka masu yawa a fannoni kamar shari’ar Musulunci, tauhidi, ilimin harshe, balaga da tasawwufi.

Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai:

• Al-Jami‘a al-‘Irfaniyya• Al-‘Adhb al-Salsabil fi Hall Alfaz Khalil• Yaqutat al-Hukkam• Nayl al-Najah wa al-Falah• Tuhfat al-Ikhwan• diwansa na waƙoƙin Malhoun

An kuma san shi da waƙoƙin addini, musamman waƙoƙin yabon Annabi Muhammad.

Sultan Moulay Abdelhafid ya rasu a Paris ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 1937. Daga baya aka dawo da gawarsa zuwa Maroko kuma aka binne shi a Fas.

Har yanzu yana daga cikin manyan mutane a tarihin Maroko, ana tuna shi a matsayin shugaba na siyasa kuma malami da ya ba da gudummawa ga gādon Musulunci da adabi.