Skiredj Library of Tijani Studies
Ma’anar ruhaniya ta wata shahararriyar magana a al’adar Tijaniyya
Da sunan Allah, Mai Rahama, Mai Jinƙai. Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah, kuma tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata ga shugabanmu Muhammadu, mafi darajar halittun Allah, da kuma a kan iyalansa da sahabbansa.
A cikin al’adar tasawwuf ta Tijaniyya (Tariqa Tijaniyya), akwai wata magana da aka yawaita kawo ta tun ƙarni-ƙarni:
“Zāwiya tana tsaye da umurnin Allah.”(الزاوية أمرها قائم بالله)
Wannan gajeriyar magana tana ɗauke da ma’ana mai zurfin ruhaniya da ta tarihi. Tana nuni musamman ga Babbar Zāwiya ta Tijaniyya a Fez, amma muhimmancinta ya wuce nuni ga wuri ɗaya kaɗai.
Don a fahimci ma’anarta ta gaskiya, wajibi ne a duba yadda manyan malaman hanyar Tijaniyya suka fassara ta.
Zāwiya ta Fez da Tubalin Ruhaniyarta
Maganar tana tabbatar da cewa Babbar Zāwiya ta Tijaniyya a Fez tana tsaye bisa shiriya daga Allah da Manzonsa, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, kuma za ta ci gaba da kasancewa haka har zuwa ƙarshen zamani.
Shahararren malamin Tijaniyya Sidi Ahmad Skirej ya yi tsokaci a kan wannan magana a gefen shafin kwafinsa na littafin Al-Ifada al-Ahmadiyya li-Murid al-Sa‘ada al-Abadiyya. Ya yi bayani cewa kada a fahimci maganar ta hanyar kunkuntar ma’ana.
A maimakon haka, ya kamata a fahimce ta a ma’ana ta gaba ɗaya.XXXXX
A cewarsa, wannan ma’ana ba ta shafi Zāwiyar Fas (Fez) kaɗai ba; tana shafar dukan zāwiyoyin Tijaniyya a fāɗin duniya da suke da alaƙa da ikon ruhi (spiritual authority) na ɗarīqar Tijaniyya.
Kamar yadda ya lura, wannan haƙiƙa ta tabbata ga gani, ga mabiya na yau da kullum, da kuma ga waɗanda suke da zurfin sani a cikin wannan tafarki.
Tabbataccen Alkawarin Annabci na Dorewar Tafarkin Tijaniyya
Wani muhimmin ɓangare na wannan magana kuma shi ne cewa tana wakiltar tabbataccen alkawarin annabci game da dorewar tafarkin Tijaniyya.
Ma’anar da wannan jimla take nuni da ita ita ce: tafarkin Ahmadi Tijaniyya zai ci gaba da wanzuwa, yana kuma haskaka haske na ruhi da na ilimi a cikin tsawon zamani.
A wurin malamai da dama na al’adar Tijaniyya, ana ɗaukar wannan tabbaci a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman bambance-bambance (distinctions) na ɗarīqar Tijaniyya a tsakanin tafarkun sufaye.
Yana nuna cewa tafarkin Tijaniyya zai ci gaba da shiryar da masu nema, ya kuma ci gaba da tasirinsa a cikin ƙarnuka.
Rashin Fahimtar Maganar a Yau
Sai dai kuma, a wasu lokuta ana rashin fahimtar wannan magana.
A tattaunawar zamani, idan wani ya yi magana a kan buƙatar gyara wasu al’amura a cikin al’ummar Tijaniyya, amsar da aka fi saba ji na iya kasancewa:
“Zāwiya tana tsaye da umarnin Allah.”
Wani lokaci ana amfani da wannan amsa ne don nuni da cewa babu wani ƙoƙari, gyara, ko daidaitawa da ake buƙata.
Amma irin wannan fassara ba ta bayyana yadda manyan malamai na al’adar Tijaniyya suka fahimci wannan jimla ba.
Ilmi da Zurfin Fahimta
Fassarar irin waɗannan maganganu sau da yawa tana dogara ne a kan zurfin ilimin wanda ya ji su.
Kamar yadda Alƙur’ani ya bayyana:
“Bisa kowane ma’abucin ilimi akwai wanda ya fi shi sani.” (Qur’an 12:76)
Malam mai zurfin ilimi na iya hango ma’anoni da nauye-nauyen alhaki a cikin magana, waɗanda wasu za su iya watsarwa ko su kasa lura da su.
Saboda haka, jimlar “Zāwiya tana tsaye da umarnin Allah” bai kamata a takaita ta zuwa fassara mai sauƙi ko ta sakaci (passive) ba.
Ba Kira ba Ne Zuwa Sakaci
Maganar ba ta kira ga sakaci, wadatar zuciya (complacency), ko rashin aiki.
Ba ta nufin cewa mabiya tafarkin Tijaniyya su zauna banza kawai, su ɗauka cewa komai zai gyaru da kansa ba tare da ƙoƙari ba.
Da wannan ne fassarar da ta dace, da manyan malamai Tijaniyya na baya sun yi shiru lokacin da masu suka da abokan hamayya suka kai hari ga tafarkin.
Amma tarihi ya nuna akasin haka.
Yadda Malaman Tijaniyya Suka Kare Tafarkin
Lokacin da ɗarīqar Tijaniyya ta fuskanci suka ko hare-hare—musamman daga masu suka na Wahhabi da sauran abokan hamayya—malaman al’adar Tijaniyya ba su yi shiru ba.
A maimakon haka, sun tsaya tsayin daka wajen kare tafarkin.
Sun rubuta ayyukan ilimi masu yawa, da dama daga cikinsu suna amsa zarge-zarge da kuma rashin fahimtar da aka yi wa ɗarīqar Tijaniyya.
Waɗannan ayyuka sun kai daruruwan shafuka a cikin littattafai da risāloli masu yawa, suna nuna ci gaba da kare tafarkin ta fuskar ilimi.
Ƙoƙarinsu ya nuna cewa imani da tsarewar Allah ga tafarkin Tijaniyya bai taɓa nufin watsi da alhaki ba.
Gyara da Shawara a Cikin Al’ummar Tijaniyya
Malaman tafarkin Tijaniyya sun kuma magance al’amuran cikin gida a cikin al’umma.
Duk lokacin da suka lura da wuce gona da iri, saɓani, ko ɗabi’u masu matsala a tsakanin mabiya, ba su yi watsi da su ba.
A maimakon haka, sukan:
rubuta ayyukan ilimi da ke magana a kan waɗannan al’amura
ba da jagora da shawarwari ga almajirai
kira zuwa gyara da daidaita halaye
ƙarfafa haɗin kai a tsakanin mabiya
yi aiki don warware rikice-rikice da saɓani.
Hanyarsu ta nuna wata ƙa’ida ta asali a Musulunci:
umarni da abin da ya dace, da gyara abin da bai dace ba gwargwadon iko.
Gaskiyar Al’adar Tijaniyya Ta Daukar Alhaki
Babu ɗaya daga cikin manyan malamai na tafarkin Tijaniyya da ya taɓa cewa:
“Ba mu buƙatar waɗannan ƙoƙari domin tafarkinmu yana tsaye da umarnin Allah.”
A maimakon haka, sun fahimci cewa taimakon Allah ba ya kawar da alhakin ɗan Adam.
Yin imani cewa tafarkin Tijaniyya yana cikin kariyar Allah na nufin ƙara ƙoƙari wajen kiyaye tsarkinsa da ingancinsa, ba yin sakaci da shi ba.
Asalin Al’adar (Culture) Tijaniyya
Wannan fahimta tana wakiltar sahihiyar al’adar tunani da ta ruhi ta al’adar Tijaniyya.
Ita ce al’adar da almajirai suka karɓa daga malamansu da magabata—zuri’a bayan zuri’a.
Tana haɗa:
dogaro na ruhi ga AllahXXXXX
ƙuduri ga neman ilimi
alhakin da ya rataya ga al’umma
da kuma hidima mai aiki ga tafarkin.
Ta hanyar wannan daidaito, tariƙar Tijaniyya tana ci gaba da kasancewa mai cike da rai ta fuskar ruhi, kuma mai numfashi ta fuskar tunani.
Kammalawa
Sanannen zancen Tijani:
“Zawiya tana tsayuwa ne da umarnin Allah.”
wata babbar shaida ce mai zurfin ma’ana ta goyon bayan Ubangiji da kuma ci gaba da ɗorewa.
Amma dole ne a fahimce ta yadda manyan malamai suka fahimce ta: ba a matsayin kira zuwa kasala ba, sai dai a matsayin kira zuwa alhaki.
Kiyaye tariƙar Tijaniyya alkawari ne na Allah, kuma nauyi ne na ɗan Adam.
Tsawon ƙarni, malamai, malamantarwa, da mabiya sun riƙe wannan daidaito—suna tabbatar da cewa tariƙar Tijaniyya tana ci gaba da haskakawa a matsayin tushen shiriyar ruhi a faɗin duniya.
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